Table of Contents:
  • Normal parathyroid gland
  • Embryology
  • Anatomy
  • Gross anatomy
  • Microscopic anatomy
  • Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry
  • Ultrastructure
  • Physiology
  • Normal physiology
  • Parathyroid hormone biosynthesis
  • Calcium homeostasis
  • Abnormal physiology
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Hyperparathyroidism
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Familial hyperparathyroidism
  • Neonatal hyperparathyroidism
  • Other causes of hypercalcemia
  • Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
  • Familial benign (hypocalciuric) hypercalcemia
  • Lithium-associated hypercalcemia
  • Other hypercalcemic syndromes
  • Parathyroid glands in nonparathyroid hormone-mediated hypercalcemia
  • Parathyroid adenoma
  • Parathyroid carcinoma
  • Primary chief cell hyperplasia
  • Clear cell hyperplasia
  • Secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Secondary hyperparathyroidism
  • Parathyroid grafts in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Miscellaneous lesions
  • Parathyroid cyst
  • Secondary tumors.
  • (cont) Procedures for pathologic examination
  • Intraoperative and frozen section examination
  • Preparation of tissues for permanent sections
  • Fat stains
  • Density gradients
  • DNA cytometry
  • Fine-needle aspiration biopsy.