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Crown ethers and cryptands /

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Crown Ethers and Cryptands introduces the broad and basic principles of crown ether and cryptand chemistry at the advanced undergraduate, graduate and working professional level. The book provides a brief introduction, outlining the history of the field and goes on to cover syntheses, complexation o...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Gokel, George W., 1946-
Corporate Author: Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: [England] : Royal Society of Chemistry, 1991.
Series:Monographs in supramolecular chemistry.
Subjects:
Kroonethers.
Cyclic compounds.
Ethers.
Chimie organique.
Chimie physique et théorique.
Chimie supramoléculaire.
Composés cycliques.
Cryptands.
Ethers cycliques.
Éthers en couronne.
Éthers.
Ethers
Physical chemistry
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Cover
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Dedication
  • Chapter 1
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Crown Ether Precursor Work
  • 1.2.1 Lüttringhaus' Macrocycles
  • 1.2.2 Cyclo-oligomerization of Ethylene Oxide
  • 1.2.3 The Furan-Acetone Tetramer
  • 1.3 Pedersen's Discovery of Crown Ethers
  • 1.4 Simmons' In-Out Bicyclic Amines
  • 1.5 Lehn's Cryptands
  • 1.6 Cram and Carbanions
  • 1.7 Classes of Crown Ethers and Cryptands
  • 1.8 Naturally Occurring Relatives of Crown Ethers
  • 1.9 Nomenclature and its Problems
  • 1.10 Toxicity of Crown Ether Compounds
  • Chapter 2
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Pedersen's First Crowns
  • 2.3 Tbe Etbyleneoxy Structural Unit
  • 2.4 The Template Effect
  • 2.5 Early Syntheses of Crowns
  • 2.5.1 Dicyclohexano-18-crown-6
  • 2.5.2 18-Crown-6
  • 2.5.3 [2.2.2]-Cryptand
  • 2.6 Syntheses of Crown Ethers
  • 2.6.1 Monomers, Dimers, and Trimers
  • 2.6.2 Nucleophiles and Bases
  • 2.6.3 Leaving Groups .
  • 2.6.4 Solvents
  • 2.6.5 High Dilution
  • 2.6.6 General Conditions
  • 2.7 Incorporation of Aromatic Subunits
  • 2.8 Nitrogen-containing Macrocycles
  • 2.8.1 Proteetion of Nitrogen
  • 2.8.2 Lactam Formation Followed by Reduction
  • 2.8.3 Direct Incorporation of Nitrogen
  • 2.8.4 Syntheses of Lariat Ethers
  • 2.8.5 Multi-armed Lariat Ethers
  • 2.8.6 Heteroaromatic Sub-units
  • 2.9 Crown Ethers Containing Sulfur
  • 2.10 Syntheses of Cryptands
  • 2.11 Spherands, Cavitands, and Carcerands
  • 2.12 Summary
  • Chapter 3
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 The Extraction Technique
  • 3.3 Homogeneous Cation Binding Constants
  • 3.3.1 Techniques for Determining Stability Constants
  • 3.3.2 Variables Affecting Homogeneous Stability Constants
  • 3.3.3 The Macrocyclic Effect
  • 3.3.4 Enthalpy-entropy Compensation
  • 3.3.5 Brief Survey of Cation Complexation Constants
  • 3.4 Binding Dynamics
  • 3.5 Cation Transport
  • 3.6 Complexation of Organic Cations
  • 3.6.1 Ammonium Cations
  • 3.6.2 Chiral Recognition
  • 3.6.3 Arenediazonium Cations
  • 3.6.4 Hydronium Cation
  • 3.6.5 Co-operative Structures
  • 3.6.6 A Polymerie Ionophore
  • 3.7 Molecular Complexation
  • 3.8 Anions
  • Chapter 4
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Uncomplexed Crown and Cryptand Ligands
  • 4.3 Simple Crown Ether Complexes of Metal Cations
  • 4.3.1 Crown Complexes of Cations that Are 'Too Large'
  • 4.3.2 Crown Complexes of Cations that Are 'Too Sm all'
  • 4.3.3 Complexes of Functional Crown Ether Derivatives
  • 4.3.4 Lariat Ether Complexes
  • 4.3.5 Bibracchial Lariat Ether Complexes
  • 4.4 Cryptand Complexes
  • 4.4.1 Simple Cryptand (Cryptate) Complexes
  • 4.4.2 Ditopie Cryptands
  • 4.4.3 Inclusion vs. Exclusion Complexes
  • 4.5 Crown Ether Complexes of Other Ions and Moleeules
  • 4.6 Podand Complexes
  • Chapter 5
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Solubilization Phenomena
  • 5.2.1 Solubilization of Salts
  • 5.2.2 Crown Activated Reagents
  • 5.3 Cation Deactivation