http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
behavior, community structure, and conservation
Front Cover; Mixed-Species Groups of Animals; Mixed-Species Groups of Animals: Behavior, Community Structure,; Copyright; Contents; Preface; 1 -- Introduction; 1.1 WHAT IS A MIXED-SPECIES GROUP? DEFINING THE SCOPE OF THE BOOK; 1.2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON RESEARCH ON MIXED-SPECIES GROUPS; 2 -- A Diversity of Mixed-Species Associations; 2.1 CLASSIFYING MIXED-SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS; 2.2 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SPECIES WITHOUT ASSOCIATION; 2.3 ASSOCIATION OF SPECIES DESPITE LACK OF INTERACTION; 2.3.1 Aggregations in Habitat Patches; 2.3.2 Aggregations Around a Resource
2.3.3 Aggregations Influenced by Predation2.3.4 Aggregations During Migration; 2.4 STATIONARY ASSOCIATIONS CENTERED AROUND SPECIES INTERACTIONS; 2.4.1 Associations Based on a Protective Species; 2.4.2 Mixed-Species Colonies or Roosts; 2.4.3 Cleaning Mutualisms; 2.5 CONCLUSIONS; 3 -- Moving Mixed-Species Groups in Different Taxa; 3.1 COMPARING MOVING MIXED-SPECIES GROUPS; 3.2 INVERTEBRATES; 3.3 FISH AND AQUATIC AMPHIBIANS; 3.3.1 Saltwater Fish; 3.3.2 Freshwater Fish and Aquatic Amphibians; 3.4 MAMMALS; 3.4.1 Cetaceans; 3.4.2 Ungulates; 3.4.3 Primates; 3.5 BIRDS; 3.5.1 Seabirds; 3.5.2 Shorebirds
3.5.3 Waterfowl3.5.4 Waders; 3.5.5 Grassland Birds; 3.5.6 Forest Birds; 3.6 MSGS THAT INCLUDE MULTIPLE TAXA AND WHERE ONE SPECIES MAKES FOOD MORE ACCESSIBLE TO OTHERS; 3.6.1 Associations Based on One Species Increasing Prey Accessibility; 3.6.2 Cooperative Hunting; 3.6.3 Mutualisms in Which Increased Foraging Is Traded for Vigilance; 3.7 CONCLUSIONS; 4 -- Adaptive Implications of Mixed-Species Grouping: Foraging, Physical, and Reproductive Factors; 4.1 DIFFERENT TYPES OF MIXED-SPECIES GROUPS IN TERMS OF ADAPTATION; 4.2 SOME POTENTIAL FORAGING BENEFITS OF (MIXED-SPECIES) GROUPING
4.2.1 Sharing Information About Foraging Opportunities4.2.2 Beater Effects and Enhancement of Food Availability; 4.2.3 Niche Separation, Reduced Competition, and Altered Social Interaction; 4.2.4 Reduced Variance in Food Finding; 4.2.5 Group Hunting; 4.2.6 Defending a Food Source; 4.2.7 Improved Efficiency of Exploiting the Local Environment; 4.3 SOME POTENTIAL FORAGING COSTS OF (MIXED SPECIES) GROUPING; 4.3.1 Competition for Food, Food Stealing, Dominance, and Within-Group Aggression; 4.3.2 Conflict Over When and Where to Feed and/or Over Speed of Movement Through the Environment
4.4 REDUCED COST OF LOCOMOTION IN GROUPS4.5 PROTECTION FROM ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTS IN GROUPS; 4.6 FURTHER SOCIAL AND REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF (MIXED-SPECIES) GROUPING; 4.7 CONCLUSIONS; 5 -- Adaptive Implications of Mixed-Species Grouping: Predators and Other Antagonists; 5.1 CONSEQUENCES OF MIXED-SPECIES GROUPING FOR PREDATION RISK; 5.1.1 Encounter-Dilution Effects; 5.1.2 Vigilance and Collective Detection; 5.1.3 Confusion and Oddity; 5.1.4 Mobbing and Aggressive Defense; 5.1.5 Nonrandom Prey Choice Within Groups by Predators; 5.1.6 Educating Naive Individuals About Predatory Threats
Eben Goodale, Guy Beauchamp, Graeme D. Ruxton.