rdf-syntax-grammar
mods:
  schema location: http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
  title info:
    title: Township violence and the end of apartheid
    sub title: war on the reef
  name:
    name part: Kynoch, Gary
    role:
      role term: creator
    role:
      role term: author.
  type of resource: text
  genre: bibliography
  origin info:
    place:
      place term: enk
    date issued: 2018
    copyright date: 2018
    issuance: monographic
  language:
    language term: eng
  physical description:
    form: print
    extent: xii, 226 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm.
  abstract: In 1993, South Africa state president F.W. de Klerk and African National Congress (ANC) leader Nelson Mandela were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime." Yet, while both deserved the plaudits they received for entering the negotiations that led to the end of apartheid, the four years of negotiations preceding the April 1994 elections, known as the transition era, were not "peaceful." They were the bloodiest of the entire apartheid era, with an estimated 14,000 deaths attributed to politically related violence. This book studies, for the first time, the conflicts between the ANC and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) that took place in South Africa's industrial heartland surrounding Johannesburg. Exploring these events through the perceptions and memories of combatants and non-combatants from war-torn areas, along with security force members, politicians and violence monitors, offers new possibilities for understanding South Africa's turbulent transition. Challenging the prevailing narrative which attributes the bulk of the violence to a joint state security force and IFP assault against ANC supporters, the author argues for a more expansive approach that incorporates the aggression of ANC militants, the intersection between criminal and political violence, and especially clashes between groups aligned with the ANC.
  table of contents: Introduction. Part 1. War on the reef. 1. Beginnings - 2. Rule of the gun: the ANC and the IFP at war - 3. Rule of the gun: violence on multiple fronts - 4. State security forces and township conflict. Part 2. Katlehong and Thokoza. 5. A tale of two townships - 6. Combatant stories - 7. Living in a war zone. Conclusion.
  note: Gary Kynoch.
  note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 203-218) and index.
  subject:
    geographic code: f-sa---
  subject:
    name:
      name part: African National Congress
    topic: History
  subject:
    name:
      name part: Inkatha Freedom Party
    topic: History
  subject:
    topic: Apartheid
    geographic: South Africa
    topic: History
  subject:
    topic: Political violence
    geographic: South Africa
  subject:
    geographic: South Africa
    topic: Politics and government
    temporal: 1989-1994
  subject:
    geographic: South Africa
    topic: Politics and government
    temporal: 1994-
  classification: DT1757 .K96 2018
  classification: 968.064
  identifier: 1847012124
  identifier: 9781847012128
  identifier: 9781776143221
  identifier: 1776143221
  record info:
    record content source: YDX
    record creation date: 180320
    record change date: 20190422104509.0
    record identifier: in00004032840