http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction -- 1.1.Competition, Overlap, and Conflicts / Sven Ove Hansson / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 1.2.A New Level in the Study of Safety Principles / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 1.3.Metaprinciples of Safety / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 1.4.Other Ways to Characterize Safety Principles / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 1.5.Conflicts Between Safety Principles / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 1.6.When Can Safety Principles Be Broken? / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 1.7.Safety in Context / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- References / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson
Note continued: 2.Preview / Niklas Wier / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 2.1.Part I: Safety Reserves / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 2.2.Part II: Information and Control / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 2.3.Part III: Demonstrability / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 2.4.Part IV: Optimization / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 2.5.Part V: Organizational Principles and Practices / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 3.Resilience Engineering And The Future Of Safety Management / Niklas Moller / Carl Rollenhagen / Jan-Erik Holmberg / Sven Ove Hansson -- 3.1.On the Origins of Resilience / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.2.The Resilience Engineering Understanding of "Resilience" / Erik Hollnagel
Note continued: 3.3.The Four Potentials for Resilience Performance / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.4.Safety Management Systems / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.5.Developing Definitions of Resilience / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.6.Managing the Potentials for Resilient Performance / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.6.1.Organizations of the First Kind / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.6.2.Organizations of the Second Kind / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.6.3.Organizations of the Third Kind / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.6.4.Organizations of the Fourth Kind / Erik Hollnagel -- 3.7.Resilience Management: LP-HI OR HP-LI? / Erik Hollnagel -- References / Erik Hollnagel -- 4.Defense-In-Depth / Erik Hollnagel -- 4.1.Introduction / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.2.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.2.1.Definitions and Terminology / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.3.Redundancy, Diversity, and Separation Principles / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.3.1.Principle of Successive Barriers and Reducing Consequences / Jan-Erik Holmberg
Note continued: 4.3.2.Principle of Accident Prevention and Mitigation / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.3.3.Classification of Barriers / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.3.4.Safety Classification / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.3.5.Overall Safety Goals and Risk Acceptance Criteria vs. Defense-in-Depth / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.Use and Implementation / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.1.Nuclear Power Plant Safety / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.2.Chemical Industry / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.3.Information Technology Security / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.4.Railway Safety / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.4.5.Automobile Safety / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.5.Empirical Research on use and Efficiency / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 4.7.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- References / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- Further Reading / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 5.Safety Barriers / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 5.1.Introduction / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl
Note continued: 5.1.1.Classical and Radical Definitions of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.1.2.Examples / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.2.Origin and Theoretical Background / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.2.1.Energy and Sequence Models / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.2.2.Extended Models / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.Definitions and Terminology / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.1.Examples of Barrier Definitions / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.2.Barriers and Barrier Systems / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.3.Alternatives to the Barrier Concept / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.4.Safety Functions / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.3.5.Conclusion / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.Classification of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl
Note continued: 5.4.1.General Considerations / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.2.System Level Classification / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.3.Classification Related to Accident Sequence / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.4.Physical and Non-physical Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.5.Administrative and Human Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.6.Passive and Active Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.7.Combined Models / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.4.8.Purpose of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.Methods for Analysis of Safety Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.1.Energy Analysis / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.2.Event Tree Analysis / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.3.Fault Tree Analysis / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl
Note continued: 5.5.4.Safety Barrier Diagrams / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.5.Management Oversight and Risk Tree / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.6.MTO Event Investigation / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.7.Safety Function Analysis / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.5.8.Reliability Techniques / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.6.Quality and Efficiency of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.6.1.Design and Installation of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.6.2.Management of Barrier Systems During Operation / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.6.3.Maintenance of Barriers / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.6.4.Summary of Barrier Management Principles / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.7.Discussion and Conclusions / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl
Note continued: 5.7.1.The Classical and Radical Meaning / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.7.2.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.7.3.General Conclusions / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 5.7.4.Relations to the Other Chapters / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- References / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 6.Factors And Margins Of Safety / Carl Rollenhagen / Lars Harms-Ringdahl -- 6.1.Introduction / Sven Ove Hansson / Neelke Doom -- 6.2.Origin and History / Sven Ove Hansson / Neelke Doom -- 6.3.Definitions and Terminology / Sven Ove Hansson / Neelke Doom -- 6.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Sven Ove Hansson / Neelke Doom -- 6.4.1.Structural Engineering / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.4.2.Toxicology / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.5.Use and Implementation / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson
Note continued: 6.5.1.Three Types of Numerical Safety Reserves / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.5.2.How Safety Factors are Determined / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.6.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.6.1.Engineering / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.6.2.Toxicology / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.7.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.8.1.Probabilistic Analysis / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 6.8.2.Cost-Benefit Analysis / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- Acknowledgment / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- References / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- Further Reading / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 7.Experience Feedback / Neelke Doom / Sven Ove Hansson -- 7.1.Introduction / Urban Kjellen -- 7.1.1.Example / Urban Kjellen -- 7.2.Origin and History / Urban Kjellen
Note continued: 7.3.Definitions / Urban Kjellen -- 7.4.Underlying Theories and Assumptions / Urban Kjellen -- 7.4.1.Feedback Cycle for the Control of Anything / Urban Kjellen -- 7.4.2.Safety Information Systems / Urban Kjellen -- 7.4.3.The Diagnostic Process / Urban Kjellen -- 7.4.4.Knowledge Management / Urban Kjellen -- 7.5.Use and Implementation / Urban Kjellen -- 7.5.1.Safety Practice in an Operational Setting / Urban Kjellen -- 7.5.2.Risk Assessment / Urban Kjellen -- 7.5.3.Transfer of Experience to New Construction Projects / Urban Kjellen -- 7.5.4.Transfer of Experience from the Users to Design / Urban Kjellen -- 7.6.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Urban Kjellen -- 7.7.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Urban Kjellen -- 7.7.1.Safety Management / Urban Kjellen -- 7.7.2.Resilience Engineering / Urban Kjellen -- 7.7.3.Safety Indicators / Urban Kjellen -- 7.7.4.Safety Culture / Urban Kjellen -- References / Urban Kjellen
Note continued: Further Reading / Urban Kjellen -- 8.Risk And Safety Indicators / Urban Kjellen -- 8.1.Introduction / Drew Rae -- 8.2.Origin and History / Drew Rae -- 8.3.Definitions and Terminology / Drew Rae -- 8.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Drew Rae -- 8.4.1.Past, Present, and Future Safety / Drew Rae -- 8.4.2.Outcome Indicators / Drew Rae -- 8.4.3.Risk Models and Precursor Events / Drew Rae -- 8.4.4.Status of Physical and Procedural Controls / Drew Rae -- 8.4.5.Safe Behaviors / Drew Rae -- 8.4.6.Amount and Quality of Safety Activity / Drew Rae -- 8.4.7.Organizational Drivers and Attributes / Drew Rae -- 8.4.8.Variability / Drew Rae -- 8.5.Use and Implementation / Drew Rae -- 8.5.1.Metrics Collection / Drew Rae -- 8.5.2.Incentives and Accountability / Drew Rae -- 8.5.3.Benchmarking and Comparison / Drew Rae -- 8.5.4.Safety Management System Performance Monitoring / Drew Rae -- 8.6.Empirical Research on Use and Efficacy / Drew Rae
Note continued: 8.6.1.Usage of Indicators / Drew Rae -- 8.6.2.Efficacy of Indicators / Drew Rae -- 8.7.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Drew Rae -- 8.7.1.Underreporting and Distortion / Drew Rae -- 8.7.2.The Regulator Paradox and Estimation of Rare Events / Drew Rae -- 8.7.3.Confusion Between Process Safety and Personal Safety Indicators / Drew Rae -- 8.7.4.Unintended Consequences of Indirect Measurement / Drew Rae -- 8.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Drew Rae -- 8.8.1.Ensurance Principles / Drew Rae -- 8.8.2.Assessment and Assurance Principles / Drew Rae -- References / Drew Rae -- 9.Principles Of Human Factors Engineering / Drew Rae -- 9.1.Introduction / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.2.Principle 1: HFE is Design Thinking / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.2.1.Description / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.2.2.Theoretical Foundation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.2.3.Use and Implementation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja
Note continued: 9.2.4.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.3.Principle 2: HFE Studies Human as a Manifold Entity / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.3.1.Description / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.3.2.Theoretical Foundations / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.3.3.Use and Implementation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.3.4.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.4.Principle 3: HFE Focuses on Technology in Use / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.4.1.Description / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.4.2.Theoretical Foundations / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.4.3.Use and Implementation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.4.4.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.5.Principle 4: Safety is Achieved Through Continuous HFE / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.5.1.Description / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.5.2.Theoretical Foundation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja
Note continued: 9.5.3.Use and Implementation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.5.4.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.6.Relation to Other Safety Principles / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.7.Limitations / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 9.8.Conclusions / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- References / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- Further Reading / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 10.Safety Automation / Leena Norms / Paula Savioja -- 10.1.Introduction / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.1.1.Purpose of Safety Automation / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.1.2.Functions of I&C Systems / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.1.3.Allocation of Functions between Humans and Automation / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.2.Origin and History / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.2.1.Roots of Safety Automation / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.2.2.Systems Design / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.2.3.Typical Design Projects / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.2.4.Analog and Digital I&C / Bjorn Wahlstrom
Note continued: 10.3.Definitions and Terminology / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.3.1.System Life Cycles / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.3.2.Process and Product / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.3.3.Phases of Design / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.3.4.Operations / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.Underlying Theories and Assumptions / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.1.Systems of Systems / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.2.Building Reliability with Unreliable Parts / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.3.Reusability of Designs / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.4.Vendor Capability / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.5.Project Management / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.4.6.Regulatory Oversight / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.Use and Implementation / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.1.From Systems Design to I&C Design / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.2.Physical Realizations of I&C / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.3.Initial Considerations / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.4.I&C Design / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.5.5.Practices in Different Domains / Bjorn Wahlstrom
Note continued: 10.6.Research on Use and Efficiency / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.6.1.Estimates of Project Cost and Duration / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.6.2.Support Systems for Design and Construction / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.6.3.Benefits of Using Safety Principles / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.1.What is Safe Enough? / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.2.Quality of Design / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.3.Field Programmable Gate Arrays / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.4.Cyber Security / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.7.5.Regulatory Acceptance / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.1.Safety Reserves / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.2.Information and Control / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.3.Demonstrability / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.4.Optimization / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.8.5.Organizational Principles and Practices / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 10.9.Summary and Conclusions / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- References / Bjorn Wahlstrom
Note continued: 11.Risk Communication / Bjorn Wahlstrom -- 11.1.Introduction / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.1.1.Example 1 / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.1.2.Risk Perception, Awareness, and Communication / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.1.3.This Chapter / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.2.The Origin and History of Risk Communication as Academic Field / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.2.1.Example 2 / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.2.2.Changing Notions about Communication / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.2.3.Example 3 / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.2.4.Conclusion / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.Underlying Assumptions, Concepts and Empirical Data on Risk Communication Models / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.1.Information versus Communication / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.2.Risk Communication Aims / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.3.Diagnostic Risk Communication Studies / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.4.Social Amplification of Risk / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.5.Trust in Risk Communication / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.6.Socio-Cognitive Models / Jan M. Gutteling
Note continued: 11.3.7.Risk Information Seeking Models / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.8.Risk Communication and Social Media / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.3.9.Conclusion / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.4.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Jan M. Gutteling -- 11.5.Final Word / Jan M. Gutteling -- References / Jan M. Gutteling -- Further Reading / Jan M. Gutteling -- 12.The Precautionary Principle / Jan M. Gutteling -- 12.1.Introduction / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.2.History and Current Use / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.3.Definitions / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.4.Underlying Theory / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.5.Research on Use and Efficiency / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.6.1.Is the Principle Asymmetric? / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.6.2.Strawman Criticism / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.7.Relation to Expected Utility and Probabilistic Risk Assessment / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Sven Ove Hansson
Note continued: 12.8.1.Maximin / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.8.2.A Reversed Burden of Proof / Sven Ove Hansson -- 12.8.3.Sound Science / Sven Ove Hansson -- Acknowledgment / Sven Ove Hansson -- References / Sven Ove Hansson -- Further Reading / Sven Ove Hansson -- 13.Operating Procedure / Sven Ove Hansson -- 13.1.Introduction / Jinkyun Park -- 13.2.Manual, Guideline, and Procedure / Jinkyun Park -- 13.3.Existing Principles for Developing a Good Procedure / Jinkyun Park -- 13.4.Additional Principle to Develop a Good Procedure / Jinkyun Park -- 13.4.1.Tailoring the Level of Details / Jinkyun Park -- 13.4.2.Tailoring the Complexity of Instructions / Jinkyun Park -- 13.5.Concluding Remarks / Jinkyun Park -- References / Jinkyun Park -- Further Reading / Jinkyun Park -- 14.Human-machine System / Jinkyun Park -- 14.1.Human-Machine System / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.2.Complex Systems / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm
Note continued: 14.3.To Control a Complex System / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.4.Operator Demands / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.4.1.Mental Models / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.4.2.Situation Awareness / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.4.3.Decision-Making / Anna-Lisa Osvalder / Heikan Alm -- 14.4.4.Mental Workload / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.5.Performance-Shaping Factors / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.5.1.Stressors / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.User Interface Design / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.1.Information Design / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.2.Design for Attention / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.3.Design for Perception / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.4.Design for Memory Functions / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.5.Feedback / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.6.6.Alarms / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder
Note continued: 14.7.Demands on the Environment / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.7.1.Organization / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.7.2.Communication / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 14.8.Handling Complexity / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- References / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 15.Quality Principles And Their Applications To Safety / Heikan Alm / Anna-Lisa Osvalder -- 15.1.Introduction / Bo Bergman -- 15.2.Improvement Knowledge and its Application to Safety / Bo Bergman -- 15.2.1.Understanding Variation / Bo Bergman -- 15.2.2.Knowledge Theory / Bo Bergman -- 15.2.3.Psychology / Bo Bergman -- 15.2.4.System Thinking / Bo Bergman -- 15.3.Health-Care Improvement and Patient Safety / Bo Bergman -- 15.4.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Bo Bergman -- 15.5.Some Personal Experiences / Bo Bergman -- 15.6.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Bo Bergman -- References / Bo Bergman -- Further Reading / Bo Bergman
Note continued: 16.Safety Cases / Bo Bergman -- 16.1.Introduction / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.Origins and History / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.1.Windscale / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.2.Flixborough / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.3.Piper Alpha / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.4.Clapham / Tim Kelly -- 16.2.5.The Introduction of Safety Cases-A Shift in Emphasis / Tim Kelly -- 16.3.Definitions and Terminology / Tim Kelly -- 16.3.1.Safety Cases vs. Safety Case Reports / Tim Kelly -- 16.3.2.Other Terminology / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.Underlying Theory / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.1.Safety Case Argumentation / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.2.Types of Safety Case Argument / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.3.Safety Case Lifecycle / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.4.Incremental Safety Case Development / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.5.Safety Case Maintenance / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.6.Safety Case Evaluation / Tim Kelly -- 16.4.7.Safety Case Confidence / Tim Kelly -- 16.5.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Tim Kelly -- 16.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticisms / Tim Kelly
Note continued: 16.6.1.Other Criticisms / Tim Kelly -- 16.7.Relationship to Other Principles / Tim Kelly -- References / Tim Kelly -- Further Reading / Tim Kelly -- 17.Inherently Safe Design / Tim Kelly -- 17.1.Introduction / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.2.Origin and History of the Principle / Rajagopalan Srinivasan / Mohd Umair Iqbal -- 17.3.Definitions and Terminology / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.4.Use and Implementation / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.4.1.Examples of Minimization / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.4.2.Examples of Substitution / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.4.3.Examples of Simplification / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.4.4.Example of Moderation / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.5.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan
Note continued: 17.6.Weaknesses, Limitation, and Criticism / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 17.7.Relation to Other Principles / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- References / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 18.Maintenance, Maintainability, And Inspectability / Mohd Umair Iqbal / Rajagopalan Srinivasan -- 18.1.Introduction / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.1.1.The Piper Alpha Disaster / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.2.Origin and History / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.3.Underlying Theory, Theoretical Assumptions, Definition, and Terminology / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.4.Use and Implementation / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.5.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 18.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh
Note continued: 18.7.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- References / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- Further Reading / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 19.On The Risk-Informed Regulation For The Safety Against External Hazards / Torbjorn Ylipdd / Jon Bokrantz / Anders Skoogh -- 19.1.Introduction / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.2.Risk-Regulation in Safety Against Environmental Risks / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.3.Dealing with Uncertainties in Risk-Informed Regulation / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.4.Limitations of the Current Risk Measures / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.5.Spatial Risk / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.6.Temporal Risk / Pieter van Gelder -- 19.7.Conclusions and Recommendations / Pieter van Gelder -- Acknowledgment / Pieter van Gelder -- References / Pieter van Gelder -- 20.Quantitative Risk Analysis / Pieter van Gelder -- 20.1.Introduction / Jan-Erik Holmberg
Note continued: 20.2.Origin and History / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.1.Risk / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.2.Probability / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.3.Uncertainty / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.4.Expected Value and Utility Principle / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.5.Risk Criteria / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.6.ALARP / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.7.Subsidiary Risk Criteria / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.8.Event Tree-Fault Tree Modeling / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.9.Bayesian Belief Network / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.10.Bow-Tie Method / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.3.11.Monte Carlo Simulation / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.Use and Implementation / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.1.National Risk Criteria / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.2.IEC 61508 and Safety Integrity Levels / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.3.Nuclear Power Plants / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.4.Oil and Gas Industry in Europe / Jan-Erik Holmberg
Note continued: 20.4.5.Railway Safety in Europe / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.4.6.Other Industries / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.5.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 20.7.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- References / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- Further Reading / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 21.Qualitative Risk Analysis / Jan-Erik Holmberg -- 21.1.Introduction / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.2.Origin and History of the Principle / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.3.Definitions / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.1.Brainstorming / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.2.Preliminary Hazard Analysis / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.3.Scenario Analysis / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.4.Operating Hazard Analysis / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.5.HAZOP Studies / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.4.6.Risk Matrixes / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.5.Use and Implementation / Risto Tiusanen
Note continued: 21.5.1.Systems Engineering Approach to Risk Assessment / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.5.2.System-Safety Engineering / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.5.3.Industrial Safety Engineering / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.5.4.Machinery-Safety Engineering / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.5.5.Functional Safety Engineering / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.6.Strengths, Weaknesses, Limitations and Criticism / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.7.Experiences of Preliminary Hazard Identification Methods / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.8.Experiences of Hazop Studies / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.9.Experiences of Risk Estimation Methods / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.10.Summary of Strengths and Limitations / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.11.Experiences from Complex Machinery Applications / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.11.1.Change from Machines to Automated Machine Systems / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.11.2.Case Studies on Qualitative Methods / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.11.3.Case Study Results / Risto Tiusanen -- 21.12.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Risto Tiusanen
Note continued: References / Risto Tiusanen -- 22.Principles And Limitations Of Cost-benefit Analysis For Safety Investments / Risto Tiusanen -- 22.1.Introduction / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.2.Principles of Cost-Benefit Analysis / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.3.CBA Methodologies / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.3.1.CBA for Type I Accidents / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.3.2.CBA for Type II Safety Investments / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.3.3.Disproportion Factor / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 22.4.Conclusions / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- References / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 23.Rams Optimization Principles / Genserik Reniers / Luca Talarico -- 23.1.Introduction to Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety (RAMS) Optimization / Enrico Zio / Yan-Fu Li -- 23.2.Multi-Objective Optimization / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.2.1.Problem Formulation / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio
Note continued: 23.2.2.Pareto Optimality / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.3.Solution Methods / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.3.1.Weighted-Sum Approach / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.3.2.e-Constraint Approach / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.3.3.Goal Programming / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.3.4.Evolutionary Algorithms / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.4.Performance Measures / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.5.Selection of Preferred Solutions / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.5.1."Min-Max" Method / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.6.Guidelines for Implementation and Use / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.7.Numerical Case Study / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.8.Discussion / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 23.9.Relations to Other Principles / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- References / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- Further Reading / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 24.Maintenance Optimization And Its Relation To Safety / Yan-Fu Li / Enrico Zio -- 24.1.Introduction / Roger Flage
Note continued: 24.2.Related Principles and Terms / Roger Flage -- 24.2.1.Key Terms / Roger Flage -- 24.2.2.Maintenance Optimization Models as Special Types of Cost-Benefit Analysis / Roger Flage -- 24.2.3.Risk Assessment and Risk Management / Roger Flage -- 24.2.4.The ALARP Principle and Risk Acceptance Criteria / Roger Flage -- 24.3.Maintenance Optimization / Roger Flage -- 24.3.1.Theory / Roger Flage -- 24.3.2.Use and Implementation / Roger Flage -- 24.4.Discussion and Conclusions / Roger Flage -- Further Reading / Roger Flage -- References / Roger Flage -- 25.Human Reliability Analysis / Roger Flage -- 25.1.Introduction With Examples / Luca Podofillini -- 25.2.Origin and History of the Principle / Luca Podofillini -- 25.3.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Luca Podofillini -- 25.4.Use and Implementation / Luca Podofillini -- 25.5.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Luca Podofillini
Note continued: 25.6.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Luca Podofillini -- 25.7.Relationship with Other Principles / Luca Podofillini -- References / Luca Podofillini -- 26.ALARA, BAT, And The Substitution Principle / Luca Podofillini -- 26.1.Introduction / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.ALARA / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.1.History and Current Use / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.2.Definitions and Terminology / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.3.Theory and Interpretation / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.4.Effects of Applying the Principle / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.2.5.Weaknesses and Criticism / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.Best Available Technology / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.1.History and Current Use / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.2.Definitions and Terminology / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.3.Theory and Interpretation / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.4.Effects of Applying the Principle / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.3.5.Weaknesses and Criticism / Sven Ove Hansson
Note continued: 26.4.The Substitution Principle / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.4.1.History and Current Use / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.4.2.Definitions and Terminology / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.4.3.Theory and Interpretation / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.4.4.Effects of Applying the Principle / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.4.5.Weaknesses and Criticism / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.5.Comparative Discussion / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.5.1.Comparisons Between the Three Principles / Sven Ove Hansson -- 26.5.2.Comparisons with Other Principles / Sven Ove Hansson -- Acknowledgment / Sven Ove Hansson -- References / Sven Ove Hansson -- Further Reading / Sven Ove Hansson -- 27.Safety Management Principles / Sven Ove Hansson -- 27.1.Introduction / Gudela Grote -- 27.2.Origin and History of the Principle / Gudela Grote -- 27.3.Definitions / Gudela Grote -- 27.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Gudela Grote -- 27.5.Use and Implementation / Gudela Grote
Note continued: 27.6.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Gudela Grote -- 27.6.1.Contextual factors / Gudela Grote -- 27.6.2.Examples for the effects of context on safety management / Gudela Grote -- 27.7.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Gudela Grote -- 27.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Gudela Grote -- References / Gudela Grote -- Further Reading / Gudela Grote -- 28.Safety Culture / Gudela Grote -- 28.1.Introduction / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.2.Origin and History / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.2.1.The Chernobyl Accident / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.2.2.Organizational Culture and Organizational Climate: The Broader Context / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.2.3.Safety Climate / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.2.4.Organizational Culture and Safety Culture / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.3.Definitions and Terminology / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman
Note continued: 28.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.4.1.Some Common Features of Safety Culture Models / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.4.2.Theoretical Frameworks / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.5.Empirical Research / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.6.Use and Implementation / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.6.1.When and Where to Use the Concept? / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.6.2.Safety Culture as an Evaluation Framework / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.6.3.Developing Safety Culture / Teemu Reiman / Carl Rollenhagen -- 28.7.Weaknesses and Critique / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 28.8.Main Messages and What the Concept Tells About Safety / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- References / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 29.Principles Of Behavior-Based Safety / Carl Rollenhagen / Teemu Reiman -- 29.1.Introduction / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts
Note continued: 29.2.Origin and History of BBS / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.3.Leadership / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.4.Physical Environment/Conditions / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.5.Systems / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.6.Behaviors / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.7.Employee Involvement and Ownership / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.8.Person States / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.9.The Benefits of Behavior-Based Safety / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.10.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticisms / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- 29.11.Relationship with Other Principles / Steve Roberts / E. Scott Geller -- References / E. Scott Geller / Steve Roberts -- Further Reading / Steve Roberts / E. Scott Geller -- 30.Principles Of Emergency Plans And Crisis Management / Steve Roberts / E. Scott Geller -- 30.1.Introduction / Ann Enander -- 30.1.1.Components in an Emergency Plan / Ann Enander
Note continued: 30.1.2.Emergency Planning as a Process / Ann Enander -- 30.1.3.Crisis Management in Theory and Practice / Ann Enander -- 30.1.4.Crisis Leadership / Ann Enander -- 30.2.Origin and History / Ann Enander -- 30.3.Definitions and Terminology / Ann Enander -- 30.3.1.Classifications and Typologies / Ann Enander -- 30.4.Underlying Theory and Theoretical Assumptions / Ann Enander -- 30.4.1.The Emergency Response Cycle / Ann Enander -- 30.5.Use and Implementation / Ann Enander -- 30.6.Empirical Research on Use and Efficiency / Ann Enander -- 30.7.Weaknesses, Limitations, and Criticism / Ann Enander -- 30.7.1.Myths and Misconceptions / Ann Enander -- 30.7.2.Success or Failure / Ann Enander -- 30.8.Relations to Other Safety Principles / Ann Enander -- References / Ann Enander -- Further Reading / Ann Enander -- 31.Safety Standards: Chronic Challenges And Emerging Principles / Ann Enander -- 31.1.Introduction / Ibrahim Habli
Note continued: 31.2.Definitions and Terminology / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.3.Organization of Safety Standards / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.3.1.Safety Lifecycle Models / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.4.Domain Specific Principles / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.4.1.Software Safety Assurance Principles / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.4.2.Automotive Functional Safety Principles / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.5.Development of Standards / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.6.Rationale in Standards / Ibrahim Habli -- 31.7.Chapter Summary / Ibrahim Habli -- References / Ibrahim Habli -- Further Reading / Ibrahim Habli -- 32.Managing The Unexpected / Ibrahim Habli -- 32.1.Introduction / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.2.Defining the Unexpected / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.2.1.The Unexpected, What Are We Dealing With? Three Examples / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.2.2.Were These Disasters Unexpected, Surprising? / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.2.3.The Unexpected, a Highly Relative Category / Jean-Christophe Le Coze
Note continued: 32.3.Thirty Years of Research on the Unexpected / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.3.1.Conceptualizing the Unexpected: Four Different Threads / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.3.2.Charles Perrow and Normal Accident / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.3.3.Barry Turner and Man-Made Disaster: A "Kuhnian" Thread / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.3.4.Jens Rasmussen and Complexity: An Ashbyan Thread / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.3.5.Four Threads, Four Sensitivities, But Not Exclusive: A Synthesis / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.4.Managing the Unexpected / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.4.1.Building Favorable Power Configurations (vs. Marxian Thread) / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.4.2.Confronting Our Fallible (Cultural) Constructs (vs. Kuhnian Thread) / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.4.3.Keeping Sight of the Relation Between Parts and Whole (vs. Ashbyan Thread) / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.4.4.Limitations and Opening / Jean-Christophe Le Coze
Note continued: 32.5.Relation to Other Principles: Further Reading / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- 32.6.Conclusion / Jean-Christophe Le Coze -- References / Jean-Christophe Le Coze.
edited by Niklas Möller, Sven Ove Hansson, Jan-Erik Holmberg, Carl Rollenhage.
Machine generated contents note: Preface List of Contributors Chapter 1: Introduction Niklas Moller, Sven Ove Hansson, Jan-Erik Holmberg, and Carl Rollenhagen Chapter 2: Preview Niklas Moller, Sven Ove Hansson, Jan-Erik Holmberg, and Carl Rollenhagen Part I: Safety Reserves Chapter 3: Resilience Engineering and the Future of Safety Management Erik Hollnagel Chapter 4: Defence-in-Depth Jan-Erik Holmberg Chapter 5: Safety Barriers Lars Harms-Ringdahl and Carl Rollenhagen Chapter 6: Factors and Margins of Safety Neelke Doorn and Sven Ove Hansson Part II: Information and Control Chapter 7: Experience Feedback Urban Kjellen Chapter 8: Risk and Safety Indicators Drew Rae Chapter 9: Principles of Human Factors Engineering Leena Norros and Paula Savioja Chapter 10: Safety Automation Bjorn Wahlstrom Chapter 11: Risk Communication Jan Gutteling Chapter 12: The Precautionary Principle Sven Ove Hansson Chapter 13: Operating Procedure Jinkuyn Park Chapter 14: Human Machine System Anna-Lisa Osvalder and Hkan Alm Part III: Demonstrability Chapter 15: Quality Principles and Their Applications to Safety Bo Bergman Chapter 16: Safety Cases Tim Kelly Chapter 17: Inherently Safe Design Rajagopalan Srinivasan and Mohd Umair Iqbal Chapter 18: Maintenance, Maintainability, and Inspectability Torbjorn Ylipaa, Anders Skoogh, and Jon Bokrantz Part IV: Optimization Chapter 19: On the Risk-Informed Regulation in the Safety Against External Hazards Pieter van Gelder Chapter 20: Quantitative Risk Analysis Jan-Erik Holmberg Chapter 21: Qualitative Risk Analysis Risto Tiusanen Chapter 22: Principles and Limitations of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Safety Investments Genserik Reniers and Luca Talarico Chapter 23: RAMS Optimization Principles Yanfu Li and Enrico Zio Chapter 24: Maintenance Optimization and Its Relation to Safety Roger Flage Chapter 25: Human Reliability Analysis Luca Podofillini Chapter 26: ALARA, BAT and the Substitution Principle Sven Ove Hansson Part V: Organizational Principles & Practices Chapter 27: Safety Management Principles Gudela Grote Chapter 28: Safety Culture Teemu Reiman and Carl Rollenhagen Chapter 29: Principles of Behavior-Based Safety Steve Roberts and Scott Geller Chapter 30: Principles of Emergency Plans and Crisis Management Ann Enander Chapter 31: Safety Standards: Chronic Challenges and Emerging Principles Ibrahim Habli Chapter 32: Managing the Unexpected Jean-christophe Le Coze Index.
Includes bibliographical references and index.