Unconventional : the development of natural gas from the Marcellus Shale /
New technology has opened vast reserves of "unconventional" natural gas and oil from shales like the Marcellus in the Appalachian Basin, making the United States essentially energy independent for the first time in decades. Shale gas had its origins in the oil embargos and energy crises of...
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Boulder, Colorado :
Geological Society of America,
2017.
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| Series: | Special papers (Geological Society of America) ;
527. |
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Table of Contents:
- Preface
- Abstract
- Introduction and background. Basic geology. Geologic framework ; Geologic structure ; Formation of black shale ; Marcellus boundaries
- Petroleum and natural gas formation. Conventional resources ; Unconventional resources
- The history of U.S. shale gas studies. Eastern Gas Shales Project. Field processing of shale core ; Laboratory processing ; EGSP cores
- Institute of Gas Technology tight gas research. Contributions of Phil Randolph ; IGT core analysis of shale ; IGT core analysis results and discussion ; Advances in shale core analysis technology
- The demise of unconventional gas research programs
- Production of Marcellus Shale gas. Background. Drilling ; Drill rigs ; Well casing and groundwater protection ; Borehole cement
- Hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing chemicals ; The hydraulic fracturing process
- Produced fluids. Naturally occurring radioactive material
- Natural fractures and emerging technologies
- Shale gas resources. Resource assessment ; Other shales
- Resource development. Social license ; International resources
- Risks to the environment. Sources of risk
- Environmental concerns. Peer-review process ; Common concerns
- Shale gas impacts. Risk assessment ; Historical data
- Hydraulic fracturing chemicals. The "Halliburton loophole" ; Hydraulic fracturing and aquifers
- Land and watershed impacts
- Contaminant hydrology. Common contaminants ; Other sources of contaminants
- Water availability
- Other issues. Induced seismicity ; Fugitive emissions ; Abandoned wells ; Silica dust ; Economics ; Social issues
- Questions and investigations. Improved understanding of environmental impacts. Fate of injected frac water ; High TDS in produced brine ; Stray gas in groundwater ; Watershed management practices and drilling ; Leaching of black shale cuttings and other solid waste ; Fate and transport of frac chemicals
- Production engineering research
- Carbon dioxide sequestration. Geologic storage in shale ; Storage risk assessment
- New uses for natural gas. Transportation fuel ; Electric power generation
- Summary and conclusions.