http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Thermal infrared characterization of ground targets and backgrounds
1 online resource (xv, 183 pages) : illustrations (some color).
This new edition updates the technologies that deal with the characterization of the thermal infrared radiation contrast between ground targets and backgrounds. Samples have been updated to comply with the current status of technology in sensor systems and countermeasures. New topics on mine detection and polarization have been included, and the section covering multispectral camouflage of personnel has been extended. The basic principles and meteorological parameters are presented, followed by calibration procedures, signature measurements, and data analyses.
Introduction -- 1. Sensor systems -- 1.1. Active sensor systems -- 1.2. Passive sensor systems -- 1.3. Active versus passive sensor systems -- References -- 2. Radiation terminology and units -- 2.1. Definitions and spatial relationships. 2.1.1. Blackbody radiation; 2.1.2. Blackbody spectral emittance: Planck's radiation law; 2.1.3. Wein displacement law; 2.1.4. Stefan-Boltzmann law; 2.1.5. Gray bodies -- 2.2. Intrinsic radiation terms -- 2.3. Atmospheric Propagation -- 2.4. Range-dependent radiation terms -- 2.5. Target-to-background contrast -- References -- 3. Introduction to target detection -- 3.1. IR detection process. 3.1.1. Target-to-background radiation contrast; 3.1.2. Attenuation processes; 3.1.3. IR systems; 3.1.4. Detection system -- 3.2. Point target detection -- 3.3. Extended target -- 3.4. Signature variations -- 3.5. Thermal contrast considerations -- References.
4. Theory of heat and mass transfer -- 4.1. Surface-atmospheric boundary layer -- 4.2. Heat and mass transfer -- 4.3. The heat-balance equation .4.3.1. Solar heating; 4.3.2. Long-wave radiation exchange; 4.3.3. Surface emittance Es; 4.3.4. Convective heat exchange Qc; 4.3.5. Heat exchange by evaporation/condensation Qec -- 4.4. First principles modeling. 4.4.1. Model definition; 4.4.2. Sensitivity analysis; 4.4.3. Pros and cons -- References -- 5. Meteorological and atmospheric parameters -- 5.1. Meteorological sensors and measurements -- 5.2. SCORPIO infrared sky radiance distribution -- References -- 6. Infrared calibration procedures -- 6.1. Calibration methodology -- 6.2. Calibration parameters -- 6.3. Calibration procedures guidelines. 6.3.1. Blackbodies and target in the same image; 6.3.2. Blackbodies and target at different ranges; 6.3.3. Blackbodies and target in different images -- 6.4. Practical example -- References.
7. Infrared signature characterization -- 7.1. Target signatures. 7.1.1. Field measurement of the long wave reflection coefficient; 7.1.2. Measurement of thermal target signatures in the field; 7.1.3. IR target modeling -- 7.2. IR background characterization. 7.2.1. Field measurement of the shortwave reflection coefficient; 7.2.2. Measurement of background apparent temperatures -- 7.3. Background temperature statistics. 7.3.1. Background temperature distributions; 7.3.2. Statistical temperature differences between 3-5 mm and 8-12 mm; 7.3.3. Background temperature curve fitting; 7.3.4. Pros and cons -- References -- 8. Signature management -- 8.1. Target and background signature analysis -- 8.2. Thermal signatures of materials -- 8.3. Mobile camouflage systems -- 8.4. Thermal camouflage of personnel -- References -- Index.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Tutorial texts in optical engineering ; v. TT 70