http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Mining human mobility in location-based social networks
Synthesis digital library of engineering and computer science
1 online resource (xvi, 99 pages) : illustrations.
In recent years, there has been a rapid growth of location-based social networking services, such as Foursquare and Facebook Places, which have attracted an increasing number of users and greatly enriched their urban experience. Typical location-based social networking sites allow a user to "check in" at a real-world POI (point of interest, e.g., a hotel, restaurant, theater, etc.), leave tips toward the POI, and share the check-in with their online friends. The check-in action bridges the gap between real world and online social networks, resulting in a new type of social networks, namely location-based social networks (LBSNs). Compared to traditional GPS data, location-based social networks data contains unique properties with abundant heterogeneous information to reveal human mobility, i.e., "when and where a user (who) has been to for what," corresponding to an unprecedented opportunity to better understand human mobility from spatial, temporal, social, and content aspects. The mining and understanding of human mobility can further lead to effective approaches to improve current location-based services from mobile marketing to recommender systems, providing users more convenient life experience than before. This book takes a data mining perspective to offer an overview of studying human mobility in location-based social networks and illuminate a wide range of related computational tasks. It introduces basic concepts, elaborates associated challenges, reviews state-of-the-art algorithms with illustrative examples and real-world LBSN datasets, and discusses effective evaluation methods in mining human mobility. In particular, we illustrate unique characteristics and research opportunities of LBSN data, present representative tasks of mining human mobility on location-based social networks, including capturing user mobility patterns to understand when and where a user commonly goes (location prediction), and exploiting user preferences and location profiles to investigate where and when a user wants to explore (location recommendation), along with studying a user's check-in activity in terms of why a user goes to a certain location.
1. Introduction -- 1.1 Human mobility behavior -- 1.1.1 Location, location, location -- 1.1.2 Inferring human lifestyles through locations -- 1.1.3 Mining human mobility with cellphone data -- 1.2 Location-based social networks -- 1.2.1 Location-based social networking services -- 1.2.2 Real world vs. virtual world -- 1.2.3 W4 information layout -- 1.3 Computational tasks -- 1.3.1 Research and application opportunities -- 1.3.2 Human mobility: repetitive vs. cold-start --
2. Analyzing LBSN data -- 2.1 A check-in example -- 2.2 Structure of LBSN data -- 2.3 Data properties -- 2.3.1 Socio-spatial properties -- 2.3.2 Large-scale and sparse data -- 2.3.3 Semantic indication -- 2.4 Mobility patterns -- 2.4.1 Inverse distance rule -- 2.4.2 Lévy flight of check-ins -- 2.4.3 Power-law distribution and short-term effect -- 2.4.4 Temporal periodic patterns -- 2.4.5 Multi-center check-in distribution --
3. Returning to visited locations -- 3.1 Next location prediction -- 3.1.1 Sequential patterns -- 3.1.2 Temporal dynamics -- 3.1.3 Social correlations -- 3.1.4 Hybrid models -- 3.2 Home location prediction -- 3.2.1 Content-based prediction -- 3.2.2 Network-based prediction -- 3.3 Evaluation metrics -- 3.4 Summary --
4. Finding new locations to visit -- 4.1 Recommender systems -- 4.1.1 Check-in data representation -- 4.1.2 Memory-based collaborative filtering -- 4.1.3 Model-based collaborative filtering -- 4.2 Location recommendation with LBSNs -- 4.2.1 Geographical influence -- 4.2.2 Social correlations -- 4.2.3 Temporal patterns -- 4.2.4 Content indications -- 4.2.5 Hybrid models -- 4.3 Evaluation metrics -- 4.4 Summary --
5. Epilogue -- 5.1 Location privacy -- 5.2 LBSN data sufficiency and reliability -- 5.3 Connecting "visited locations" and "new locations" -- 5.4 Future directions -- Bibliography -- Authors' biographies.
Abstract freely available; full-text restricted to subscribers or individual document purchasers.
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-98).
Synthesis lectures on data mining and knowledge discovery ; # 11