Table of Contents:
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Historical perspectives
  • 3. Lung development
  • 3.1 Embryology and prenatal development
  • 3.2 Postnatal development
  • 4. Structural anatomy, conducting airways to the alveoli
  • 4.1 The terminal respiratory unit
  • 4.2 Innervation
  • 4.3 Alveolar cellular structure
  • 4.3.1 Type I alveolar epithelial cells
  • 4.3.2 Type II alveolar epithelial cells
  • 4.3.3 Alveolar macrophages
  • 4.3.4 Interstitial fibroblasts
  • 4.3.5 Alveolar capillary endothelium
  • 4.4 Pulmonary circulation and distribution of blood flow
  • 5. The alveolar-capillary membrane and gas exchange
  • 6. Fluid and solute exchange
  • 7. Alveolar defense and clearance mechanisms
  • 7.1 Innate immunity
  • 7.1.1 Alveolar epithelium
  • 7.1.2 Monocytes and alveolar macrophages
  • 7.1.3 Alveolar leukocytes
  • 7.2 Bridging the gap
  • 7.2.1 Brief overview of immunology
  • 7.2.2 Dendritic cells
  • 7.2.3 Other cell types
  • 7.3 Adaptive immunity
  • References
  • Author biography.