Table of Contents:
  • 1. Overview
  • 2. Surface epithelium
  • 2.1 Overall morphology
  • 2.2 Cell types
  • 2.2.1 Basal and intermediate cells
  • 2.2.2 Ciliated cells
  • 2.2.3 Goblet cells
  • 2.2.4 Clara cells
  • 2.2.5 Serous cells
  • 2.2.6 Other cell types
  • 2.3 Development, maintenance, regeneration and transformation
  • 2.4 Barrier function
  • 2.5 Mucus secretion
  • 2.6 Mediator release and breakdown
  • 2.7 Transport of acid and base
  • 2.8 Active ion transport
  • 2.8.1 General
  • 2.8.2 Using chambers
  • 2.8.3 Mechanisms of active Cl- secretion and active Na+ absorption
  • 2.8.4 Under open-circuit conditions active secretion of Cl- is reduced or abolished
  • 2.8.5 Coordination of transporter activities
  • 2.8.6 Apical membrane Cl- conductance
  • 2.8.7 Epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)
  • 2.8.8 Basolateral K+ channels
  • 2.8.9 Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport (NKCC)
  • 2.8.10 Na+-K+-ATPase
  • 2.8.11 Basolateral Cl- channels
  • 2.8.12 Neurohumoral regulation
  • 2.8.13 Regulation by intracellular second messengers
  • 2.8.14 K+ secretion
  • 2.8.15 SCN- transport
  • 2.8.16 Ca2+ transport
  • 2.8.17 Na+-glucose transport
  • 2.9 Water transport
  • 2.10 Regulation of ASL depth and salt content
  • 2.11 Mucociliary clearance
  • 3. Airway glands
  • 4. Pathology
  • 4.1 Some general considerations
  • 4.2 Chronic bronchitis
  • 4.3 Asthma
  • 4.4 Cystic fibrosis
  • 4.4.1 Gross pathology
  • 4.4.2 Overview of CF-related defects
  • 4.4.3 Reduced bicarbonate secretion
  • 4.4.4 Altered gland fluid secretion
  • 4.4.5 Airway surface epithelial ion transport and failure of mucociliary clearance in CF
  • 4.4.6 The high salt hypothesis
  • 4.4.7 Transport of other solutes through CFTR
  • 4.4.8 Defective organellar acidification
  • 4.4.9 Interactions of CFTR with ion channels/transporters other than ENaC
  • 4.4.10 Increased activation of NFk-B and release of inflammatory cytokines
  • 4.4.11 Altered interactions with pseudomonas
  • 4.4.12 Some developmental defects
  • 4.4.13 Other changes in CF
  • 4.4.14 Concluding remarks on airway epithelium in CF
  • References
  • Author biography.