Cover Image

The art and science of ultrawideband antennas /

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Schantz, Hanz G.
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Boston : Artech House, [2015]
Edition:Second edition.
Series:Artech House antennas and propagation library.
Subjects:
Ultra-wideband antennas.
Table of Contents:
  • Machine generated contents note: 1.1.Antennas and Elephants
  • 1.2.Three Centuries of UWB Antennas
  • 1.3.What Is an Antenna?
  • 1.3.1.Antennas as Transducers
  • 1.3.2.Antennas as Transformers
  • 1.3.3.Antennas as Radiators
  • 1.3.4.Antennas as Energy Converters
  • 1.4.UWB Antennas
  • 1.4.1.A Taxonomy of UWB Antennas
  • 1.4.2.UWB Device and Systems Considerations
  • 1.5.Conclusion
  • Endnotes
  • 2.1.Nineteenth-Century UWB Antennas
  • 2.1.1.Heinrich Hertz
  • 2.1.2.Narrowband in Conception, UWB in Practice
  • 2.1.3.Jagadis Chandra Bose
  • 2.1.4.Oliver Lodge
  • 2.1.5.Guglielmo Marconi
  • 2.2.Twentieth-Century UWB Antennas
  • 2.2.1.Rediscovery of the Biconical Antenna
  • 2.2.2.Bulbous UWB Elements
  • 2.2.3.Rediscovery of the Horn Antenna
  • 2.2.4.Toward More Manufacturable Designs
  • 2.2.5.Frequency-Independent Antennas
  • 2.2.6.Origins of Ultrawideband Radio Technology
  • 2.3.Twenty-First-Century UWB Antennas
  • 2.3.1.Planar Monopole Antennas
  • 2.3.2.Planar Dipole Antennas
  • 2.3.3.Magnetic Antennas
  • 2.3.4.Frequency-Notched UWB Antennas
  • 2.3.5.Other Recent Advances
  • 2.3.6.Progress in UWB Commercialization
  • 2.4.UWB Antennas: What's Ahead?
  • 2.5.Conclusions
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 3.1.Bandwidth
  • 3.1.1.Calculating Bandwidth
  • 3.1.2.Determining Antenna Bandwidth
  • 3.1.3.Radiated Bandwidth
  • 3.2.Dispersion
  • 3.2.1.Example of a Dispersive Antenna
  • 3.2.2.Example of a Nondispersive Antenna
  • 3.2.3.Angular Dependence of Dispersion
  • 3.3.Where Energy Goes
  • 3.3.1.Antenna Pattern
  • 3.3.2.Antenna Directivity, Gain, and Bandwidth
  • 3.4.Pattern, Gain, and UWB Antennas
  • 3.4.1.Reciprocity and UWB Antennas
  • 3.4.2.Constant Gain Antennas
  • 3.4.3.Constant Aperture Antennas
  • 3.4.4.Other UWB Antennas
  • 3.4.5.Gain and Aperture
  • 3.5.Polarization
  • 3.6.Antenna Matching
  • 3.7.Antennas as Transducers
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 4.1.Introduction to Antenna Impedance
  • 4.1.1.UWB Versus Narrowband Antenna Impedance
  • 4.1.2.Controlling Antenna Impedance
  • 4.2.Transmission Lines
  • 4.2.1.Early Developments
  • 4.2.2.Twin-Lead Transmission Line
  • 4.2.3.Coaxial Transmission Line
  • 4.2.4.Parallel Plane Transmission Line
  • 4.2.5.Microstrip Line
  • 4.3.Transition from Feed Line to Free Space
  • 4.3.1.Twin-Lead Transition
  • 4.3.2.Coaxial Transitions
  • 4.3.3.Planar Transmission Line Transitions
  • 4.4.Impedance Transformation and Matching
  • 4.4.1.The Terminated, Lossless Line
  • 4.4.2.Time-Domain Reflectometry
  • 4.4.3.Harmonic Signals
  • 4.4.4.The Smith Chart and Matching Networks
  • 4.4.5.Broadband Matching
  • 4.5.Coupling Balanced and Unbalanced Lines
  • 4.5.1.Chokes
  • 4.5.2.Balun Transformers
  • 4.5.3.Compatibility
  • 4.6.Antennas as Transformers
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 5.1.Time Domain and Frequency Domain
  • 5.1.1.Impulses and Sine Waves
  • 5.1.2.Basic Principles of the Frequency and Time Domain
  • 5.1.3.Time-Domain Signals
  • 5.1.4.Time Domain Versus Frequency Domain
  • 5.2.Maxwell's Equations
  • 5.2.1.Generalized Coordinates and Retardation
  • 5.2.2.Electromagnetic Waves
  • 5.2.3.Jefimenko Form of the Biot-Savart and Coulomb Laws
  • 5.2.4.Right-Hand Rule for Radiation
  • 5.2.5.Time-Domain Representation of Plane Waves
  • 5.3.Linear Antennas
  • 5.3.1.Linear Antenna Behavior
  • 5.3.2.Examples
  • 5.3.3.Summary
  • 5.4.Dipole Fields
  • 5.4.1.Electric Dipole Fields
  • 5.4.2.Magnetic Dipole Fields
  • 5.4.3.Harmonic Dipole Fields
  • 5.4.4.Exponentially Decaying Dipole Fields
  • 5.5.Basic Antenna Physics
  • 5.5.1.Antenna Differentiation
  • 5.5.2.The Radiation Field Approximation
  • 5.5.3.Radiation of a DC Signal?
  • 5.5.4.Field Lines
  • 5.6.Antennas as Radiators
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 6.1.Motivation
  • 6.1.1.Models and Reality
  • 6.1.2.Is Radiation "Kinky"?
  • 6.1.3.The Maxwellian Perspective
  • 6.2.Localization and Flow of Electromagnetic Energy
  • 6.2.1.Localizing Electromagnetic Energy
  • 6.2.2.The Flow of Electromagnetic Energy
  • 6.2.3.Puzzles and Paradoxes of Electromagnetic Energy Flow
  • 6.2.4.Electromagnetic Velocity
  • 6.2.5.Causal Surfaces
  • 6.3.Electromagnetic Energy in Simple Problems
  • 6.3.1.Energy in Superposition
  • 6.3.2.Energy in Standing Waves
  • 6.4.Dipole Field Energy
  • 6.4.1.Exponentially Decaying Dipoles
  • 6.4.2.Damped Harmonic Dipoles
  • 6.4.3.Harmonic Dipoles
  • 6.4.4.Time-Domain Excitations
  • 6.5.Optimal Element Design
  • 6.5.1.Fatter Is Better
  • 6.5.2.Optimal Dipole Shape
  • 6.5.3.Optimal Loop Shape
  • 6.6.Fundamental Limits on Antenna Size
  • 6.6.1.The Chu-Harrington Limit
  • 6.6.2.The McLean Derivation of Small Antenna Q
  • 6.6.3.Is There a Q in UWB?
  • 6.6.4.Q-Based Antenna Limits in UWB Practice
  • 6.6.5.Energy-Flow-Based Limits to Antenna Performance
  • 6.7.Antennas as Energy Converters
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 7.1.Frequency-Independent Antennas
  • 7.1.1.Basic Principles of Frequency-Independent Antennas
  • 7.1.2.Spiral Antennas
  • 7.1.3.Log-Periodic Antennas
  • 7.1.4.Fractal and Bent Wire Antennas
  • 7.2.Small-Element Electric Antennas
  • 7.2.1.Conical Antennas
  • 7.2.2.Planar Conical Antennas
  • 7.2.3.Bulbous Antennas
  • 7.2.4.Planar Bulbous Antennas
  • 7.2.5.Other Planar Monopole UWB Antennas
  • 7.2.6.Physical Behavior of Planar UWB Antennas
  • 7.2.7.General Principles of Small-Element Design
  • 7.2.8.Summary of Small-Element Electric Antennas
  • 7.3.Small-Element Magnetic Antennas
  • 7.3.1.Complementarity
  • 7.3.2.UWB Slot Antennas
  • 7.3.3.Large Current Radiator Antennas
  • 7.3.4.Monoloop Antennas
  • 7.3.5.Loop Antennas
  • 7.3.6.Summary of Small-Element Magnetic Antennas
  • 7.4.Electrically Small Antennas
  • 7.4.1.Antenna Scaling
  • 7.4.2.Dielectric Loading
  • 7.4.3.Conducting Enclosure Antennas
  • 7.4.4.Electric-Magnetic Antenna
  • 7.4.5.Summary of Electrically-Small antennas
  • 7.5.Directional Electrically Small Antennas
  • 7.5.1.The Beverage Loop
  • 7.5.2.Ewes, Flags, and K9AYs
  • 7.5.3.Multipole Synthesis
  • 7.5.4.Performance of Multipole Designs
  • 7.5.5.Experimental Results
  • 7.6.Horn Antennas
  • 7.6.1.Conical Plate Horn Antenna
  • 7.6.2.Termination of Horn Antennas
  • 7.6.3.Planar Horn Antennas
  • 7.6.4.Other Horn Antennas
  • 7.6.5.Summary of Horn Antennas
  • 7.7.Reflector Antennas
  • 7.7.1.Planar Reflector
  • 7.7.2.Corner Reflectors
  • 7.7.3.Parabolic Cylinder Reflectors
  • 7.7.4.Impulse Radiating Antennas
  • 7.7.5.Summary of Reflector Antennas
  • 7.8.Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 8.1.Antenna Spectral Control
  • 8.1.1.Antenna Scaling
  • 8.1.2.Antenna Filtering
  • 8.1.3.Antennas and Spectral Control
  • 8.2.Antenna Efficiency
  • 8.2.1.Efficiency Theory
  • 8.2.2.Efficiency Measurement
  • 8.3.Antenna Directivity
  • 8.3.1.Omni Versus Directional
  • 8.3.2.Amplitude Comparison Direction Finding
  • 8.3.3.Small-Aperture UWB Direction Finding
  • 8.3.4.Applications
  • 8.3.5.Conclusion
  • 8.4.UWB Antennas in Systems
  • 8.5.Summary and Conclusions
  • Problems
  • Endnotes.