rdf-syntax-grammar
mods:
  schema location: http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
  title info:
    title: Human Exposure to Foodborne Toxins in Ghana
    sub title: Intervention Strategy for Reduction of Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Bioavailability
  name:
    name part: Mitchell, Nicole Jean
    role:
      role term: creator
    role:
      role term: author.
  name:
    name part: Phillips, Timothy D.
    role:
      role term: thesis advisor.
  name:
    name part: Texas A & M University
    role:
      role term: degree granting institution.
  type of resource: text
  genre: bibliography
  origin info:
    place:
      place term: txu
    date issued: 2014
    issuance: monographic
  language:
    language term: eng
  physical description:
    form: remote
    extent: 1 online resource.
  abstract: International health has typically focused on remediation of infectious diseases in developing countries. However, recent reports from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) have highlighted the importance of cancer incidence/mortality in the developing world. Foodborne mycotoxins produced by fungi, called aflatoxin (AF) and fumonisin (FB), have been associated with hepatocellular and esophageal carcinomas among other deleterious effects, such as growth faltering and immune dysfunction. Exposure to these toxins in Ghana is particularly high due to food insecurity, climate, and lack of regulatory infrastructures. Work to alleviate AF and FB contamination in Africa has focused on instituting good agricultural and storage practices however, exposures remain inextricable in many communities. Utilization of a calcium montmorillonite clay, UPSN, shows promise of tightly binding both AF and FB in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing their bioavailability. The objectives of this research were to determine exposure susceptibility in Ghana and to assess efficacy and safety of UPSN treatment within vulnerable populations. Cross-sectional data from six different regions of Ghana indicated that AF exposure is associated with maize consumption and region of residence. However, food preparation practices were not correlated to AF levels in the present study. Therefore, future intervention strategies were focused on the end point of the food consumption chain by reducing AF exposure from maize immediately prior to ingestion (i.e. UPSN treatment). In a three-month trial an encapsulated montmorillonite clay was efficacious in reducing AF exposure. However, concern for sustainability and its applicability for children led to an effort to alter the dose dissemination form. Inclusion of UPSN in common Ghanaian foods retained the efficacy of the clay, reducing a short-term biomarker (AFM₁) by 55%, and was determined to be safe in children (ages 3-9). Importantly, …
  note: by Nicole J. Mitchell.
  note: "Major Subject: Toxicology"
  note: Includes vita.
  note: Doctor of Philosophy Texas A & M University 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151665
  note: Includes bibliographical references.
  note: Text (Dissertation)
  subject:
    topic: Major Toxicology
  subject:
    topic: Aflatoxin
  subject:
    topic: Fumonisin
  subject:
    topic: Bioavailability
  subject:
    topic: NovaSil clay
  subject:
    topic: Enterosorption
  identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151665
  record info:
    record content source: TXA
    record creation date: 140624
    record change date: 20151206101857.0
    record identifier: in00003480761
    language of cataloging:
      language term: eng