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Thermal stresses and temperature control of mass concrete
1 online resource (xxiv, 500 pages) : illustrations
Methods of controlling mass concrete temperatures range from relatively simple to complex and from inexpensive too costly. Depending on a particular situation, it may be advantageous to use one or more methods over others. Based on the author's 50 years of personal experience in designing mass concrete structures, Thermal Stresses and Temperature Control of Mass Concrete provides a clear and rigorous guide to selecting the right techniques to meet project-specific and financial needs. New techniques such as long time superficial thermal insulation, comprehensive temperature control, and MgO self-expansive concrete are introduced. Methods for calculating the temperature field and thermal stresses in dams, docks, tunnels, and concrete blocks and beams on elastic foundations Thermal stress computations that take into account the influences of all factors and simulate the process of construction. Analytical methods for determining thermal and mechanical properties of concrete. Formulas for determining water temperature in reservoirs and temperature loading of arched dams. New numerical monitoring methods for mass and semi-mature aged concrete.
Note continued: 17.12.2.The Influence of Pipe Spacing on the Thermal Stress -- 17.12.3.The Influence of the Number of Stages of Pipe Cooling -- 17.13.Strengthen Cooling by Close Polythene Pipe -- 17.13.1.Effect of Cooling by Close Pipe -- 17.13.2.Influence of Cooling of Pipe with Small Spacing on the Thermal Stress -- 17.13.3.The Principle for Control of Pipe Spacing and Temperature Difference T0 -- Tw -- 17.14.Advantages and Disadvantages of Pipe Cooling -- 17.15.Superficial Thermal Insulation of Mass Concrete During Pipe Cooling in Hot Seasons -- 18.Precooling and Surface Cooling of Mass Concrete -- 18.1.Introduction -- 18.2.Getting Aggregates from Underground Gallery -- 18.3.Mixing with Cooled Water and Ice -- 18.4.Precooling of Aggregate -- 18.4.1.Precooling of Aggregate by Water Cooling -- 18.4.2.Precooling of Aggregate by Air Cooling -- 18.4.3.Precooling of Aggregate by Mixed Type of Water Spraying and Air Cooling -- 18.4.4.Precooling of Aggregate by Secondary Air Cooling -- 18.5.Cooling by Spraying Fog or Flowing Water over Top of the Concrete Block -- 18.5.1.Spraying Fog over Top of the Concrete Block -- 18.5.2.Cooling by Flowing Water over Top of the Concrete Block -- 19.Construction of Dam by MgO Concrete -- 19.1.MgO Concrete -- 19.2.Six Peculiarities of MgO Concrete Dams -- 19.2.1.Difference Between Indoor and Outdoor Expansive Deformation -- 19.2.2.Time Difference -- 19.2.3.Regional Difference -- 19.2.4.Dam Type Difference -- 19.2.5.Two Kinds of Temperature Difference -- 19.2.6.Dilatation Source Difference -- 19.3.The Calculation Model of the Expansive Deformation of MgO Concrete -- 19.3.1.The Calculation Model of the Expansive Deformation for Test Indoors -- 19.3.2.The Calculation of the Expansive Deformation of MgO Concrete of Dam Body Outdoors -- 19.3.3.The Incremental Calculation of the Autogenous Volume Deformation -- 19.4.The Application of MgO Concrete in Gravity Dams -- 19.4.1.Conventional Concrete Gravity Dams -- 19.5.The Application of MgO Concrete in Arch Dams -- 19.5.1.Arch Dams with Contraction Joints -- 19.5.2.Arch Dams without Contraction Joints, Time Difference -- 19.5.3.Example of Application of MgO Concrete, Sanjianghe MgO Concrete Arch Dam -- 20.Construction of Mass Concrete in Winter -- 20.1.Problems and Design Principles of Construction of Mass Concrete in Winter -- 20.1.1.Problems of Construction of Mass Concrete in Winter -- 20.1.2.Design Principles of Construction of Mass Concrete in Winter -- 20.2.Technical Measures of Construction of Mass Concrete in Winter -- 20.3.Calculation of Thermal Insulation of Mass Concrete Construction in Winter -- 21.Temperature Control of Concrete Dam in Cold Region -- 21.1.Climate Features of the Cold Region -- 21.2.Difficulties of Temperature Control of Concrete Dam in Cold Region -- 21.3.Temperature Control of Concrete Dam in Cold Region -- 22.Allowable Temperature Difference, Cooling Capacity, Inspection and Treatment of Cracks, and Administration of Temperature Control -- 22.1.Computational Formula for Concrete Crack Resistance -- 22.2.Laboratory Test of Crack Resistance of Concrete -- 22.3.The Difference of Tensile Properties Between Prototype Concrete and Laboratory Testing Sample -- 22.3.1.Coefficient b1 for Size and Screening Effect -- 22.3.2.Time Effect Coefficient b2 -- 22.4.Reasonable Value for the Safety Factor of Crack Resistance -- 22.4.1.Theoretical Safety Factor of Crack Resistance -- 22.4.2.Practical Safety Factor of Concrete Crack Resistance -- 22.4.3.Safety Factors for Crack Resistance in Preliminary Design -- 22.5.Calculation of Allowable Temperature Difference and Ability of Superficial Thermal Insulation of Mass Concrete -- 22.5.1.General Formula for Allowable Temperature Difference and Superficial Thermal Insulation -- 22.5.2.Approximate Calculation of Allowable Temperature Difference and Insulation Ability -- 22.6.The Allowable Temperature Difference Adopted by Practical Concrete Dam Design Specifications -- 22.6.1.Regulations of Allowable Temperature Difference in Chinese Concrete Dam Design Specifications -- 22.6.2.The Requirement of Temperature Control in "Design Guideline of Roller Compacted Concrete Dam" of China -- 22.6.3.Temperature Control Regulation of Concrete Dam by U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and U.S. Army Corps of Engineering -- 22.6.4.Temperature Control Requirements of Concrete Dam of Russia -- 22.7.Practical Examples for Temperature Control of Concrete Dams -- 22.7.1.Laxiwa Arch Dam -- 22.7.2.Toktogulskaya Gravity Dam -- 22.7.3.Dworshak Gravity Dam -- 22.8.Cooling Capacity -- 22.8.1.Calculation for the Total Cooling Capacity -- 22.8.2.Cooling Load for Different Cases -- 22.9.Inspection and Classification of Concrete Cracks -- 22.9.1.Inspection of Concrete Cracks -- 22.9.2.Classification of Cracks in Mass Concrete -- 22.10.Treatment of Concrete Cracks -- 22.10.1.Harm of Cracks -- 22.10.2.Environmental Condition of Cracks -- 22.10.3.Principle of Crack Treatment -- 22.10.4.Method of Crack Treatment -- 23.Key Principles for Temperature Control of Mass Concrete -- 23.1.Selection of the Form of Structure -- 23.2.Optimization of Concrete Material -- 23.3.Calculation of Crack Resistance of Concrete -- 23.4.Control of Temperature Difference of Mass Concrete -- 23.4.1.Temperature Difference Above Dam Foundation and Temperature Difference Between Upper and Lower Parts of Dam Block -- 23.4.2.Surface -- Interior Temperature Difference -- 23.4.3.Maximum Temperature of Concrete -- 23.5.Analysis of Thermal Stress of Mass Concrete -- 23.5.1.Estimation of Thermal Stress -- 23.5.2.Primary Calculation of the Temperature Stress -- 23.5.3.Detailed Calculation of Thermal Stress -- 23.5.4.Whole Process Simulation Calculation -- 23.6.Dividing the Dam into Blocks -- 23.7.Temperature Control of Gravity Dam -- 23.8.Temperature Control of Arch Dam -- 23.9.Control of Placing Temperature of Mass Concrete -- 23.10.Pipe Cooling of Mass Concrete -- 23.11.Surface Thermal Insulation -- 23.12.Winter Construction -- 23.13.Conclusion.
Zhu Bofang, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research and Chinese Academy of Engineering.
Includes bibliographical references and index.