http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
Finding a new oil and gas discovery and evaluating its volume is a difficult and challenging task, and yet there is very little published on the topic. Luiz Amado delivers a one-of-a-kind introductory guide titled Reservoir Exploration and Appraisal. Providing logistical instruction and processes for the entire exploration and appraisal process, Amado furnishes the guidance, workflow, and practical recommendations needed based on real-world scenarios. Written by an engineer with over 15 years of experience in the North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, South America and West Africa, Reservoir Exploration and Appraisal equips engineers and economists with expert advice on critical subjects such as detailed methods of estimating recovery factors, creating production curves using either simple or complex approaches, understanding main fluid and rock properties that govern volume and productivity, and communicating examples of field case evaluations, including deepwater projects. Details methods of estimating recovery factors and rules of thumb that can be used if there is an absence of data. How to create production curves using either simple or complex approaches. Understanding main fluid and rock properties that govern volume and productivity, saving time from analyzing countless fluid samples or rock data from cores. Describes the process of lease sales, bid rounds and farm-in opportunities. Communicates examples of field case evaluations, including deepwater projects, to illustrate the steps covered in the book, showing the reader the full project cycle.
Machine generated contents note: 2.1.Definition of Play -- 2.2.Definition of Lead -- 2.3.Definition of a Prospect -- 3.1.Exploratory Wells -- 3.2.Appraisal Wells -- 3.3.Timing for Exploration and Appraisal Phases -- 3.4.Seismic and Subsurface Studies -- 4.1.Calculation of Oil and Gas in Place -- 4.2.Porosity-Depth Trends -- 4.3.Porosity-Permeability Trends -- 4.4.Initial Water Saturation-Permeability Trends -- 4.5.Recovery Efficiency versus Depth/Play Trends -- 4.6.Formation Volume Factors -- 5.1.Useful Trends Derived Using Analogs -- 6.1.RF Trends by Analogs -- 6.2.EUR/Well and RF Trends by Analytical Solutions -- 6.3.Process Adopted -- 6.4.Input Distributions -- 6.5.Example Using @RISK Program -- 6.6.Results -- 7.1.Well Count Estimation and Production Curves -- 9.1.Facilities and Subsea Costs (CAPEX) -- 9.2.Drilling Costs -- 9.3.Operating Costs (OPEX) -- 9.4.Project Timing and Input to Economic Analysis -- 10.1.Definitions for Lease Sales, Bids, and Farm In Opportunities -- 10.2.Fiscal Regimes-PSA and Tax/Royalties -- 11.1.What Is Enabling Technology? -- 12.1.Case 1-Small Accumulation <500 MMbbl in Place with Heavy Oil -- 12.2.Case 2-Big Accumulation >500 MMbbl in Place with Heavy Oil -- 12.3.Case 3-Small Accumulation <300 MMbbl in Place with Light Oil -- 12.4.Case 4-Big Accumulation >500 MMbbl in Place with Light Oil -- 12.5.Case 5-Small Accumulation <500 bcf in Place with Dry Gas -- 12.6.Case 6-Big Accumulation >500 bcf in Place with Dry Gas -- 12.7.Case 7-Small Accumulation <500 bcf, Gas and Condensate -- 12.8.Case 8-Big Accumulation >500 bcf, Gas and Condensate -- 12.9.Case 9-Accumulation with Oil and Gas Reservoir Combined -- 12.10.Case 10-Example of Fields Evacuated to a Shared Facility -- 12.11.Case 11-Example of a Tight Gas Offshore Reservoir -- 12.12.Case 12-Example of a Very Large Offshore Field -- 12.13.Case 13-Example of an Offshore Field with Multilayers (Stacked Reservoirs) -- 12.14.Case 14-Example of Field Optimization with Horizontal Wells -- 12.15.Case 15-Example of Field Unitization Case.