Effects of fatty acids on gene expression and lipid metabolism in bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues /

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Silvey, David Tyrone
Other Authors: Smith, Stephen B. (Thesis advisor)
Format: Thesis eBook
Language:English
Published: [College Station, Tex.] : [Texas A&M University], [2012]
Subjects:
Online Access:Link to OAK Trust copy

MARC

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099 |a 2011  |a Dissertation  |a 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9830 
100 1 |a Silvey, David Tyrone. 
245 1 0 |a Effects of fatty acids on gene expression and lipid metabolism in bovine intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues /  |c by David Tyrone Silvey. 
264 1 |a [College Station, Tex.] :  |b [Texas A&M University],  |c [2012] 
300 |a 1 online resource. 
336 |a text  |b txt  |2 rdacontent 
337 |a computer  |b c  |2 rdamedia 
338 |a online resource  |b cr  |2 rdacarrier 
500 |a "Major Subject: Nutrition" 
588 |a Description from author supplied metadata (automated record created 2012-10-22 13:24:58). 
502 |b Doctor of Philosophy  |c Texas A&M University  |d 2011  |o http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9830 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references. 
516 |a Text (Dissertation) 
520 3 |a Pasture feeding depresses adipose tissue development in beef cattle whereas grain feeding, enhances adipogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesized that specific fatty acids would differentially affect lipogenesis in explants of bovine subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) adipose tissues. Angus steers were harvested at 12, 14, and 16 mo of age, and IM and SC adipose tissue explants from the 8-11th thoracic rib region were dissected and cultured in media. Media contained no supplemental fatty acids or 40 μM of five fatty acids, stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1 n-9), trans-11 vaccenic acid (18:1 trans-11), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 18:2 trans-10, cis-12), or α-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3). After 48 h of culture, lipogenesis using [U-¹⁴C]glucose and [1-¹⁴C]acetate was measured. Lipogenesis from glucose decreased between 12 and 16 mo of age in SC adipose tissue (from 8.9 to 4.0 nmol per 2 h per 100 mg; P = 0.001) and IM adipose tissue (from 4.4 to 2.7 nmol per 2 h 100 mg ; P = 0.08). Lipogenesis from acetate did not change over time in SC adipose (approximately 56 nmol per 2 h per 100 mg; P = 0.23), but increased over time in IM adipose tissue (from from 11.3 to 17.1 nmol per 2 h 100 mg; P = 0.02). Oleic acid increased lipid synthesis from glucose 125% (P = 0.04) in IM adipose tissue, whereas stearic acid and trans-vaccenic acid increased lipogenesis from glucose in SC adipose tissue by approximately 50% (P = 0.04). In SC adipose tissue only, trans-vaccenic and increased, lipogenesis from glucose (P < 0.02). Lipogenesis from acetate was depressed by CLA nearly 50% in SC adipose tissue. PPARγ gene expression increased between 14 and 16 mo of age in control IM and SC adipocytes. The increase in activity was also observed in AMPK gene expression. C/EBPβ and SCD gene expression did not increase in control samples until 16 mo of age. SC adipose tissue responded to stearic acid by increased GPR43 and AMPK gene expression at 12 mo of age. We conclude that fatty acids differentially affect lipid synthesis in IM and SC adipose tissues, which may account for the effects of pasture and grain feeding on adiposity. 
500 |a Electronic resource. 
650 4 |a Major Nutrition. 
653 |a gene expression 
653 |a subcutaneous 
653 |a adipose tissue 
653 |a bovine 
653 |a intramuscular 
700 1 |a Smith, Stephen B.,  |e thesis advisor. 
856 4 0 |u http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9830  |z Link to OAK Trust copy  |t 0 
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952 f f |a Texas A&M University  |b College Station  |c Electronic Resources  |d Available Online  |t 0  |e 2011 Dissertation 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9830  |h Other scheme 
998 f f |a 2011 Dissertation 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9830  |t 0  |l Available Online