Characterization and analysis of the bovine epigenome during preimplantation embryo development in vitro /

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Williamson, Gayle Linger
Other Authors: Long, Charles R. (Thesis advisor)
Format: Thesis eBook
Language:English
Published: [College Station, Tex.] : [Texas A&M University], [2012]
Subjects:
Online Access:Link to OAK Trust copy

MARC

Tag First Indicator Second Indicator Subfields
LEADER 00000cam a2200000Ka 4500
001 in00002780109
005 20150922142949.0
006 m fo d
007 cr unu||||||||
008 121114s2012 txu obm 000 0 eng d
035 |a (OCoLC)ocn817953747 
035 |a (OCoLC)817953747 
035 |a (TxCM)http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889 
040 |a TXA  |c TXA  |d UtOrBLW 
049 |a TXAM 
099 |a 2011  |a Thesis  |a 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889 
100 1 |a Williamson, Gayle Linger. 
245 1 0 |a Characterization and analysis of the bovine epigenome during preimplantation embryo development in vitro /  |c by Gayle Linger Williamson. 
264 1 |a [College Station, Tex.] :  |b [Texas A&M University],  |c [2012] 
300 |a 1 online resource. 
336 |a text  |b txt  |2 rdacontent 
337 |a computer  |b c  |2 rdamedia 
338 |a online resource  |b cr  |2 rdacarrier 
500 |a "Major Subject: Genetics" 
588 |a Description from author supplied metadata (automated record created 2012-10-22 13:24:58). 
502 |b Master of Science  |c Texas A&M University  |d 2011  |o http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references. 
516 |a Text (Thesis) 
520 3 |a During early mammalian embryogenesis, the embryonic genome undergoes critical reprogramming events that include changes in both DNA methylation and histone modifications necessary to control chromatin structure and thus, gene expression. Improper reprogramming of the epigenome during this window of development can lead to a vast number of imprinting anomalies, which are increased in children and livestock conceived in vitro. In the bovine, which closely resembles human preimplantation development, epigenetic changes occur from fertilization through the blastocyst stages. In particular, and concurrent with embryonic genome activation (EGA), de novo DNA methylation begins at the 8-cell stage. In order to explore the roles of histone-modifying enzymes during this crucial period of development, we characterized the transcript expression of several enzymes key enzymes across in vitro bovine preimplantation development using quantitative real-time PCR. Two of the 7 genes analyzed (Suz12 and Lsh) exhibited notable increases at the 8-16 cell stages, with basal levels observed both before and after this. These increases coincided with both EGA and de novo DNA methylation. We further explored their roles in bovine preimplantation embryos by knocking down expression via the use of gene-specific targeting siRNAs. Independent suppression of either Suz12 or Lsh via cytoplasmic microinjection of targeting siRNAs resulted in lower development rates (p < 0.0001), and poorer embryo quality of the morulas and blastocysts that survived. In addition, Suz12 suppression led to reductions in both H3K27 (p < 0.0001) and H3K9 (p = 0.07) trimethylation, and an increase in DNA methylation levels (p < 0.0001), as compared to the null-injected controls. Lsh suppression did not change H3K27, but led to a reduction in H3K9 trimethylation (p = 0.006) and an increase in DNA methylation (p < 0.0001). Clearly our data demonstrate that these epigenetic modifiers play a critical role in formation of the embryonic epigenome, but further research would be necessary in order to fully characterize gene activities during this developmental window. 
500 |a Electronic resource. 
650 4 |a Major Genetics. 
653 |a DNA methylation 
653 |a embryo 
653 |a histone 
653 |a epigenetics 
653 |a bovine 
700 1 |a Long, Charles R.,  |e thesis advisor. 
856 4 0 |u http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889  |z Link to OAK Trust copy  |t 0 
994 |a C0  |b TXA 
948 |a cataloged  |b h  |c 2012/11/14  |d o  |e blrosas  |f 12:11:54 pm 
999 |a MARS 
999 f f |s 3666a339-1c22-37c2-8f48-127b83bb7499  |i a2bed3b1-90c0-3e7f-97f1-4b6167b01119  |t 0 
952 f f |a Texas A&M University  |b College Station  |c Electronic Resources  |d Available Online  |t 0  |e 2011 Thesis 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889  |h Other scheme 
998 f f |a 2011 Thesis 1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9889  |t 0  |l Available Online