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Monitoring and visualizing membrane-based processes /

This much-needed critical review of the main monitoring techniques conveys profound knowledge of their fundamentals, possibilities and limits, strengths and weaknesses when applied to membrane processes, clearly demonstrating which technique is most suita.

Bibliographic Details
Other Authors: Ferrando, Montserrat, Güell, Carme, López, Francisco, 1964-
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, [2009]
Series:Wiley online library.
Subjects:
Membranes (Technology)
SCIENCE > Chemistry > Industrial & Technical.
TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING > Chemical & Biochemical.
Electronic books.
Online Access:Connect to the full text of this electronic book
Table of Contents:
  • Cover
  • Preface
  • List of Contributors13;
  • 113; Introduction: Opportunities and Challenges of Real Time Monitoring on Membrane Processes
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.1.1 Monitoring from Permeate and Concentrate Properties
  • 1.2 Microscopic Techniques in Membrane Characterization
  • 1.3 Electrical, Laser, Magnetic and Acoustic Techniques in Membrane or Membrane Process Characterization
  • 1.4 Process Oriented Monitoring Techniques
  • 1.5 Future Scope of Sensors in Membrane Process Characterization
  • References
  • Part I 13;Optical and Electronic Microscopic Techniques on Membrane Process Characterization
  • 213;Direct Visual Observation of Microfiltration Membrane Fouling and Cleaning
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Particle Deposition
  • 2.3 Particle Removal
  • 2.4 Concluding Remarks
  • References
  • 313; Microscopy Techniques for the Characterization of Membrane Morphology
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Membrane Characterization Morphology Parameters
  • 3.3 Microscopy Techniques for Membrane Morphology Characterization
  • 3.4 Case Studies
  • 3.5 Final Remarks
  • Acknowledgements13;
  • References
  • 4 13;Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy: Fundamentals and Uses on Membrane Fouling Characterization and Opportunities for Online Monitoring
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Fundamentals of Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy
  • 4.3 Applications of CSLM to Membranes and Membrane Processes
  • 4.4 Evaluating Limits and Prospects of CSLM in the Characterization of Membranes and Membrane Processes
  • References
  • 513; Scanning Probe Microscopy Techniques in the Investigation of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Dense Membranes: the Case for Gas Separtion Membranes
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Microscopic Techniques
  • 5.3 Gas Separation Membranes
  • 5.4 Case Studies
  • References
  • 613; Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of Membranes and Membrane Processes
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 The Range of Possibilities
  • 6.3 Correspondence Between Surface Pore Dimensions from AFM and MWCO
  • 6.4 Imaging in Liquid and the Determination of Surface Electrical Properties
  • 6.5 Effects of Surface Roughness on Interactions with Particles
  • 6.6 Visualization of the Rejection of a Colloid by a Membrane Pore and Critical Flux
  • 6.7 The Use of AFM in Membrane Development
  • 6.8 Conclusions
  • References
  • 7 Confocal Raman Microscopy for Membrane Content V13;isualization
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 The Raman Effect
  • 7.3 Raman Microspectrometry
  • 7.4 Confocal Raman Microscopy
  • 7.5 Specific Data Processing
  • 7.6 Visualization Using Raman Spectroscopy
  • 7.7 Membrane Systems Applications
  • 7.8 Conclusion
  • References
  • 813; In Situ Characterization of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning Using a Multiphoton Microscope
  • 8.1 Overview
  • 8.2 Optical Techniques for Characterization of Membrane Fouling
  • 8.3 Partial Review of Fouling and Cleaning
  • 8.4 Materials and Methods
  • 8.5 Imaging Cake Fouling
  • 8.6 Imaging of Protein Fouling
  • 8.7 In Situ Characterization of Cell-Protein Fouling
  • 8.8 Conclusions
  • References
  • Part II13;Electrical, Laser and Acoustic Techniques for Membrane Process Characterization
  • 913; Electrical Characterization of Membranes
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Electrical Measurements
  • 9.3 Experimental
  • 9.4 Results of Electrical Measurements for Different Types of Membranes
  • 9.5 Conclusions.