Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine /
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| Format: | Thesis eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
[College Station, Tex.] :
[Texas A&M University],
[2010]
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| Online Access: | Link to OAK Trust copy |
| Abstract: | Many studies have attempted to link antimicrobial use in food animal agriculture with an increased risk of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacterial levels in humans. Our data arise from longitudinal aggregated fecal samples in a 3-year cohort study of vertically integrated populations of human workers and consumers, and swine. Human and swine E. coli isolates (N = 2130 and 3485, respectively) were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the SensititreTM broth microdilution system. The associations between AR prevalence for each antimicrobial agent, multi-drug resistant E. coli, or multivariate AR E. coli, and the risk factors (host species, production type (swine), vocation (human swine worker versus non-worker), and season) in the study were assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), GLM with multinomial distribution, or GEE in a multivariate model using a SAS® macro to adjust for the correlated AR phenotypes. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in AR isolates: 1) between host-species with swine at higher risk for ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance were higher among human isolates, 2) swine production group was significantly associated with AR with purchased boars, nursery piglets, and breeding boars at a higher risk of resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline, and 3) human swine worker cohorts exhibited an elevated tetracycline prevalence, but lowered sulfisoxazole prevalence when compared to non-workers. High variability among seasonal samples over the 3-year period was observed. There were significant differences in multiple resistance isolates between host species, with swine at higher risk than humans of carrying multi-resistant strains; however, no significant differences in multiple resistance isolates within humans by vocation or within swine by production group. The odds-ratios, adjusted for multivariate dependence of individual AR phenotypes, were increased relative to unadjusted odds-ratios among 1) swine as compared to human for tetracycline (OR = 21.8 vs. 19.6), and 2) increased significantly among swine-workers as compared to non-workers only for tetracycline (OR = 1.4 vs. 1.3). Occupational exposure to swine-rearing facilities appears to be associated with an increased relative odds for the prevalence of tetracycline resistance compared to non-workers. |
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| Item Description: | "Major Subject: Biomedical Sciences" Title from author supplied metadata (automated record created 2010-03-12 12:08:51). Electronic resource. |
| Physical Description: | 1 online resource. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references. |