Screening techniques and mode of inheritance of fresh seed dormancy among crosses of Spanish-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) /
Fresh peanut seed dormancy in Spanish-type peanuts is a valuable trait, especially in the areas of the Sahel region of Africa. There, the rainy seasons are short and late rain may occur when the crop is mature; hence, inducing germination of mature seeds, which reduces both the quality and the quant...
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| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
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[Place of publication not identified] :
[publisher not identified] ;
2001.
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| Online Access: | http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=725922001&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=2945&RQT=309&VName=PQD |
| Summary: | Fresh peanut seed dormancy in Spanish-type peanuts is a valuable trait, especially in the areas of the Sahel region of Africa. There, the rainy seasons are short and late rain may occur when the crop is mature; hence, inducing germination of mature seeds, which reduces both the quality and the quantity of the harvest. Thus, fresh seed dormancy of limited duration, when present in Spanish-type peanut, is an important attribute as it could reduce crop loss due to late season rainfall. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify one or more selection criteria for effective screening for fresh seed dormancy in crosses between Spanish-type peanut cultivars; (ii) to determine the mode of gene action and inheritance of fresh seed dormancy in crosses of Spanish x Spanish genotypes. Progenies from the F₂[:]₆ generation of the cross Fleur 11 x 73-30 and F₂[:]₇ generation from the cross 55-437 x Fleur 11 were evaluated for three years at Bambey and Nioro, Senegal for the screening techniques. The measurement of phytohormone concentrations in seed did not predict fresh seed dormancy. An in vitro germination assay was as reliable as counting the number of seeds that germinated in the field at harvest. The latter method was tedious and time consuming, while the former was easy, fast, and inexpensive. A generation mean analysis was performed on P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, and F₃ generations of the crosses 55-437 x 73-30, Fleur 11 x 73-30, and GC 8-35 x 73-30 and their reciprocals, using the five-parameter model. It indicated that for the first two crosses dominance and duplicate gene interactions governed fresh seed dormancy, while for the third cross there was an additive dominance model. A strong maternal effect was also present when using the reciprocals of the first two crosses. The varieties GC 8-35 and 73-30 behaved as if they shared the same genes for fresh seed dormancy; hence no maternal effect was present. Heterosis and broad sense heritability were also high for the same two crosses mentioned. |
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| Item Description: | Vita. "Major Subject: Plant Breeding". |
| Physical Description: | xvii, 162 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm. Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilm Inc. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-94). |