rdf-syntax-grammar
mods:
  schema location: http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
  title info:
    non sort: The
    title: putative effects of smoking by pregnant women on birthweight, IQ, and developmental disabilities in their infants
    sub title: a methodological review and multivariate analysis
  name:
    name part: Ramsay, Michael C.
    role:
      role term: creator
  type of resource: text
  genre: bibliography
  origin info:
    place:
      place term: xx
    date issued: 2000
    issuance: monographic
  language:
    language term: eng
  physical description:
    form: print
    extent: xii, 154 leaves ; 28 cm.
  abstract: Concern over smoking by pregnant women has increased in the last decade. Concomitantly, research addressing the possible effects of smoking, and of smoking while pregnant in particular, has grown. Research reports attribute to smoking numerous harmful effects, including reduced weight at birth and later psychological problems. Some researchers, however, dispute such interpretations. The present report begins with a historical and critical review of criteria for establishing causality and a discussion of research designs that permit causal inference. Next, multivariate analyses assess the methodological quality of existing studies. The report also includes a methodological review and a reanalysis of Li et al. (1993). Gosset's t, Mann-Whitney U, and MANOVA results indicated a small, statistically nonsignificant association between causal purpose of study and design appropriate for causal inference. Thus, researchers identified the nature or purpose of a study as causal whether or not the design of the study was appropriate to infer causation. Similarly, results of the median test, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, and Kendall's tau-b, with Welch's t and ANCOVA results, were small and nonsignificant for design and causal conclusion. Thus, researchers drew causal inferences from studies not designed for such inferences as often as from suitably designed studies. The median test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA, with Kendall's tau-b and the Mann-Whitney U, indicated a moderate, statistically significant association between causal assertions and causal conclusion. Partial correlations behaved similarly. Thus, authors who indicated that maternal smoking was already found to be causative made causal inferences from their own work. Finally, partial correlations, with Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis results, were approximately moderate and statistically significant for causal assertions with causal conclusion. These results remained unchanged with design as an independent variable and as…
  note: by Michael C. Ramsay.
  note: Vita.
  note: "Major Subject: Educational Psychology".
  note: Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilm Inc.
  note: Ph. D. Texas A&M University 2000.
  note: Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-148).
  subject:
    topic: Major educational psychology
  identifier: 99-94318 UMI
  identifier: http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login
  related item:
    location:
      url: http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login
  record info:
    record content source: TXA
    record creation date: 011126
    record change date: 20190325102919.0
    record identifier: in00001650691