Immune function of calves vaccinated intradermally against bovine herpesvirus type 1 /
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), also designated bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1), is the most commonly accepted and widely used antigenic component of feedyard vaccination programs. The beef cattle industry has need for safe, effective vaccines that can be delivered practically with...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
[Place of publication not identified] :
[publisher not identified] ;
1999.
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=731680991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=2945&RQT=309&VName=PQD |
| Summary: | Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), also designated bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1), is the most commonly accepted and widely used antigenic component of feedyard vaccination programs. The beef cattle industry has need for safe, effective vaccines that can be delivered practically with minimal risk of injection-site lesions. Intradermal BHV-1 vaccination has potential to eliminate these major concerns. There are no reports on the efficacy of the intradermal route for conventional modified-live or killed vaccines. Objectives of this study were to measure and characterize immune responses to BHV-1 following intradermal vaccination as compared to traditional parenteral and intranasal vaccination routes. Results of the present study suggest ID vaccination of calves against BHV-I elicits immune function responses at least equal to that of cattle vaccinated parenteral, IN, or natural routes to field virus. Specifically, a higher promotion of activated microphages in cells collected by BAL and a higher proportion of cells expressing MHC class II antigen post-vaccination were found in the ID vaccinated group. Virus excretion in NS was reduced in the ID vaccinated calves compared to other the treatment groups. ID vaccinated calves had the numerically highest serum IgG post-challenge, while IN vaccinated calves had the lowest. Mean rank clinical illness scores and rectal temperature gave somewhat conflicting indications of clinical severity, with clinical illness scores suggesting that IN and naturally exposed calves were better protected and rectal temperature suggesting ID, IM, and IN calves were otter protected. However, the BHV-1 challenge model used in this study was marginally effective, which reduced the likelihood of fading differences between treatment groups. Interestingly, serum and NS BHV-I PRA antibody titers were significantly correlated. No significant correlations were found between day 14 antibody titers and day 3 virus excretion or between day 14 or day 0 serum antibody and clinical illness score or rectal temperature. ID vaccination of calves is a viable alternative route of vaccination against BHV-1; however, further field trial investigation is required to establish efficacy under conditions of natural challenge, which is the ultimate test of vaccine efficacy. |
|---|---|
| Item Description: | Vita. "Major Subject: Veterinary Microbiology". |
| Physical Description: | ix, 147 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm. Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilm Inc. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-128). |