Table of Contents:
  • Chapter 1 Introduction to Systems Modeling Concepts 3
  • 1.1 Systems Specification Formalisms 3
  • 1.2 Levels of System Knowledge 11
  • 1.3 Introduction to the Hierarchy of Systems Specifications 13
  • 1.4 The Specification Levels Informally Presented 14
  • 1.5 System Specification Morphisms: Basic Concepts 18
  • Chapter 2 Framework for Modeling and Simulation 25
  • 2.1 The Entities of the Framework 25
  • 2.2 Primary Relations Among Entities 30
  • 2.3 Other Important Relationships 32
  • 2.4 Time 34
  • Chapter 3 Modeling Formalisms and Their Simulators 37
  • 3.2 Discrete Time Models and Their Simulators 37
  • 3.3 Differential Equation Models and Their Simulators 49
  • 3.4 Discrete Event Models and Their Simulators 66
  • Chapter 4 Introduction to Discrete Event System Specifications (DEVS) 75
  • 4.2 Classic DEVS System Specification 75
  • 4.3 Parallel DEVS System Specification 89
  • 4.4 Hierarchical Models 93
  • 4.5 Object-Oriented Implementations of DEVS: An Introduction 93
  • Chapter 5 Hierarchy of System Specifications 99
  • 5.1 Time Base 99
  • 5.2 Segments and Trajectories 100
  • 5.3 I/O Observation Frame 104
  • 5.4 I/O Relation Observation 105
  • 5.5 I/O Function Observation 107
  • 5.6 I/O System 108
  • 5.7 Iterative Specification of Systems 116
  • 5.8 Multivariable Sets and Structured Systems 123
  • 5.9 Multicomponent System Specification 125
  • 5.10 Network of System Specifications (Coupled Systems) 127
  • Part II Modeling Formalisms and Simulation Algorithms 135
  • Chapter 6 Basic Formalisms: DEVS, DTSS, DESS 137
  • 6.1 Basic System Specification Formalisms 137
  • 6.2 Discrete Event System Specifications (DEVS) 138
  • 6.3 Parallel DEVS 142
  • 6.4 Discrete Time System Specification (DTSS) 144
  • 6.5 Differential Equation System Specification (DESS) 146
  • Chapter 7 Basic Formalisms: Coupled Multicomponent Systems 149
  • 7.1 Discrete Event Specified Network Formalism 149
  • 7.2 Multicomponent Discrete Event System Formalism 155
  • 7.3 Discrete Time Specified Network Formalism 163
  • 7.4 Multicomponent Discrete Time System Formalism 166
  • 7.5 Differential Equation Specified Network Formalism 168
  • 7.6 Multicomponent Differential Equations Specified System Formalism 169
  • Chapter 8 Simulators for Basic Formalisms 175
  • 8.1 Simulators for DEVS 176
  • 8.2 DEVS Bus 184
  • 8.3 Simulators for DTSS 189
  • 8.4 Simulators for DESS 197
  • Chapter 9 Multiformalism Modeling and Simulation 203
  • 9.1 Brief Introduction to Specialized Formalisms 203
  • 9.2 Multiformalism Modeling 206
  • 9.3 DEV & DESS: Combined Discrete Event and Differential Equation Specified Systems 208
  • 9.4 Multimodeling with DEV & DESS 214
  • 9.5 Coupled DEV & DESS: Network of Multiformalism Models 217
  • 9.6 Simulator for DEVS & DESS 222
  • Appendix A The System Specified By a DEV & DESS 229
  • Appendix B The System Specified By a Multiformalism System-Closure Under Coupling of Networks of DEV & DESS 231
  • Chapter 10 DEVS-Based Extended Formalisms 233
  • 10.1 Stochastic Systems: Conventional Approach to Uncertainty 233
  • 10.2 DSDEVS (Dynamic Structure DEVS) 235
  • 10.3 Symbolic DEVS 240
  • 10.4 Fuzzy DEVS 244
  • 10.5 Real-Time DEVS (RT-DEVS) 252
  • Chapter 11 Parallel and Distributed Discrete Event Simulation 261
  • 11.1 Problem Characterization of Parallel Discrete Event Simulation 262
  • 11.2 Conservative Parallel Discrete Event Simulation 264
  • 11.3 Optimistic Parallel Discrete Event Simulation 273
  • 11.4 Parallel DEVS Simulator 284
  • Part III System Morphisms: Abstraction, Representation, Approximation 293
  • Chapter 12 Hierarchy of System Morphisms 295
  • 12.1 The I/O Frame Morphism 297
  • 12.2 The I/O Relation Observation Morphism 297
  • 12.3 The I/O Function Morphism 298
  • 12.4 The I/O System Morphism 301
  • 12.5 System Morphism for Iteratively Specified Systems 308
  • 12.6 The Structured System Morphism 311
  • 12.7 Multicomponent System Morphism 314
  • 12.8 The Network of Systems Morphism 317
  • 12.9 Homomorphism and Cascade Decompositions 320
  • 12.10 Characterization of Realizable I/O Relations and Functions 324
  • Chapter 13 Abstraction: Constructing Model Families 329
  • 13.1 Scope/Resolution/Interaction Product 329
  • 13.2 Integrated Families of Models 335
  • 13.3 Aggregation: Homogeneity/Coupling Indifference Principles 339
  • 13.4 Abstractions for Event-Based Control 354
  • 13.5 Parameter Morphisms 358
  • Chapter 14 Verification, Validation, Approximate Morphisms: Living with Error 367
  • 14.1 Verification 367
  • 14.2 Validation at the Behavioral Level 368
  • 14.3 Performance/Validity (e.g., Speed/Accuracy) Trade-off 373
  • 14.4 Approximate Morphisms and Error Behavior 377
  • 14.5 Approximate Morphisms at the Coupled System Level 384
  • 14.6 Validation at Structural Levels 387
  • Chapter 15 DEVS and DEVS-like Systems: Universality and Uniqueness 391
  • 15.1 Relation Between Classical and Parallel DEVS: Is There One or Two? 391
  • 15.2 Universality and Uniqueness of DEVS 393
  • 15.3 DEVS Representation of DTSS 399
  • 15.4 Efficient DEVS Simulation of DTSS Networks 403
  • Chapter 16 DEVS Representation of Systems 411
  • 16.1 DEVS Bus Revisited 411
  • 16.2 DEVS Representation Using Conventional Approach 414
  • 16.3 Quantization: An Alternative Approach for DEVS Representation 419
  • 16.4 Simulation Study of Quantization 434
  • 16.5 Conjectures for Further Research 441
  • Appendix 1 Closed Loop DTSS Simulation 447
  • Appendix 2 Uniformly Segmentable Input Sets 449
  • Appendix 3 Exact Simulation by DEVS 451
  • Appendix 4 Closed Loop Quantized Simulation 452
  • Part IV System Design and Modeling and Simulation Environments 455
  • Chapter 17 DEVS-Based Design Methodology 457
  • 17.1 Methodology Overview 457
  • 17.2 DEVS Definition Language 459
  • 17.3 Execution of DEVS Definition 466
  • 17.4 Logical Analysis: Model Verification 468
  • 17.5 Model Verification by Language Acceptance Checking 475
  • 17.6 Performance Evaluation 477
  • 17.7 Implementation: DEVS Model Execution 477
  • Chapter 18 System Entity Structure/Model Base Framework 481
  • 18.1 Model Base Management by System Entity Structure 481
  • 18.2 System Entity Structure 482
  • 18.3 System Entity Structure/Model Base (SES/MB) Framework 485
  • 18.4 Example: Design of a Transaction Processing System 486
  • 18.5 Automatic Pruning of an SES 490
  • Chapter 19 Collaboration and the Future 495
  • 19.1 An Architecture for M & S 495
  • 19.2 How Does Collaboration Support M & S? 497.