Comparison of direct and indirect instructional strategies in physical education-type classes in regards to critical thinking and self-esteem of at-risk 10-13 year old boys /
In this study the effect of indirect and direct teaching
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| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
[Place of publication not identified] :
[publisher not identified] ;
1997.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=736561781&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=2945&RQT=309&VName=PQD |
| Summary: | In this study the effect of indirect and direct teaching strategies on critical thinking skill and self-esteem of at- risk 10-13 year old boys in a physical education environment was investigated. In addition, the effect of age (10-11 vs. 12-13 years) on critical thinking skill and self-esteem was investigated. Eighty boys and their counselors attending one of two three-week sessions of an outdoor youth camp volunteered for the study. During each session the boys were assigned by age categories to one of four teaching sections of 10-12 students. Of the four sections, two consisted of boys 10 and 11 years of age while the other two groups were 12 and 13 year olds. Two teaching sections, one from each age group, served as the experimental groups. These children participated in the normal daily camp activities and classes. Additionally, they attended an initiative games class and received instruction in an indirect teaching mode. Direct instruction was utilized during the other activity classes. The remaining two groups served as the control groups and participated in all camp activities with the exception of the initiative games classes. They received direct instruction during all activities. Both experimental and control groups critical thinking skill significantly improved over time. However, the experimental group showed a significantly larger increase. In addition, the older boys had significantly higher critical thinking scores than their younger counter parts. No significant effect for self-esteem was determined from the statistical analyses. |
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| Item Description: | Vita. "Major Subject: Physical Education". |
| Physical Description: | x, 121 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm. Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilms Inc. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references: pages 61-71. |