Simulation of cholinesterase inhibition caused by sublethal exposure of grassland birds to insecticides in Texas /

"significant" exposure and at which birds may experience

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Corson, Michael Scott, 1970-
Format: Thesis eBook
Language:English
Published: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified] ; 1996.
Subjects:
Online Access:Link to OAKTrust copy
Description
Summary:"significant" exposure and at which birds may experience
(1) simulating field studies and comparing model predictions
Although insecticide applications have killed wildlife,
among crop fields were more equal. Granivores experienced the
and insecticide decay reasonably approximated reality.
applications on birds, I created a simulation model of bird
applied at maximum recommended rates I or 2 times. In this
available.
Carnivores barely experienced ChE inhibition because their
carnivorous bird species exceeded 20% at some point during
ChE inhibition in I individual from each of 15 wild bird
ChE inhibition than carbamates. I used the model to predict
ChE inhibition to foraging location, diet selection, and
compoundspecific ChE inhibition in different wild birds is
daily intake rate. Except for ChE inhibition caused by the
direct effects of insecticide exposure usually are sublethal.
evaluated the model's ability to predict ChE inhibition by
excreted ingested residues. Organophosphates caused greater
exposure and to predict sublethal impact of insecticide
foraging in an agricultural landscape. I obtained data to
greatest inhibition because simulated plants contained more
inhibition in grassland bird species, provided adequate
insecticide chlorpyrifos, model predictions of ChE inhibition
insecticides in the environment, bird foraging, and
insecticides typical for Texas, deposition and decay of
knowledge of foraging behavior, diet, insecticide use, and
location; however, diet preferences and daily intake became
mammalian'prey received few residues and the birds rapidly
more important when toxicities of residue concentrations
nausea and/or may exhibit minor behavioral changes. Birds
residues than insects or mammals. Omnivores experienced
severe behavioral or physiological effects. The model may be
simulate applications of organophosphorus and carbamate
Simulated ChE inhibition was most sensitive to foraging
slightly less inhibition, followed by insectivores.
species over a 6-month period during which insecticides were
subsequent cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition in birds. I
the 6-month simulation, a sublethal level that denotes
To evaluate factors that contribute to dietary insecticide
to field data, and (2) evaluating the relative sensitivity of
useful to predict insecticide exposure of and sublethal ChE
with greater ChE inhibition have a higher chance of more
worse-case scenario, mean ChE inhibition in most non-
Item Description:"Major subject: Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences".
Vita.
Physical Description:ix, 72 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm.
Also available online.
Issued also on microfiche from Lange Micrographics.
Bibliography:Includes bibliographical references: pages 57-65.