The study of PCNB-tolerance in Sclerotium rolfsii, and the effect of soil ph on sclerotial germination and pathogenicity /

A pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)-tolerant isolate of Sclex-

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Shim, MyoungYong, 1961-
Format: Thesis Book
Language:English
Published: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified] ; 1996.
Subjects:
Online Access:http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=739364201&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=2945&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Description
Summary:A pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)-tolerant isolate of Sclex-
otium rolfsii was observed from a Texas peanut field in 1985.
In this study, Texas peanut fields were surveyed to determine
the frequency distribution of PCNB-tolerance among isolates
of S. rolfsii. A total of 377 isolates were collected; 306
isolates were collected from five intensively sampled fields
in central Texas and the other 71 isolates were obtained from
arbitrarily selected locations in Texas. Nineteen of 377
isolates were classified as PCNB-tolerant based on having
radial mycelial growth inhibited less than 80% by 10 PCNB/ml
of growth medium. The effective dose for 50% growth
inhibition (ED5.) of the original PCNB-tolerant isolate found
in 1985 was 5.6 times greater than that of sensitive isolates
of this study. The ED50 values of 18 newly collected PCNB-
tolerant isolates were from 25% to 80% greater than that of
PCNB-
sensitive isolates tested. However, the ED50 values of
18 PCNB-tolerant isolates were from 23.2% to 33.2% of
that of the original PCNB-tolerant isolate. PCNB-
tolerance was not increaed or lost after 15 generations
in the presence or absence of PCNB on potato dextrose
agar (PDA). PCNB-tolerance, expressed as the ED50 value
was negatively correlated with pathogenic aggressiveness
in greenhouse and microplot tests. However, these
negative correlations were due primarily to the weak
pathogenic aggressiveness of the original PCNB-tolerant
isolate. Sclerotial germination has been reported to be
inhibited at pH above 7.0 on agar media. However, stem
rot caused by S. rolfsii frequently occurs in Texas
peanut fields with soil pH above 7.5. In this study,
sclerotial germination was decreased as soil pH increased
above 7.0, but sclerotial germination was observed at
soil pH 8.7. Similar to sclerotial germination on soil,
disease incidence was decreased as soil pH increased
above 7.0. However, disease caused by S. rolfsii was
incited at soil pH as high as 9.8.
Item Description:Vita.
"Major Subject: Plant Pathology".
Physical Description:xii, 87 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm.
Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilms Inc.
Bibliography:Includes bibliographical references: pages 61-77.