Characterization of the occurrence and abundance of Vibrio vulnificus in Galveston Bay /

Oysters, suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediment and

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Vanoy, Rayford Wilburn
Format: Thesis Book
Language:English
Published: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified] ; 1996.
Subjects:
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Description
Summary:Oysters, suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediment and
seawater samples were collected from West Galveston Bay,
Texas over a 4-year period and analyzed for the presence of
Vibrio vulnificus, a naturally-occurring human marine-
pathogen. Detection and enumeration of V vulnificus were
performed using a species-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb
FRBT37) in an Enzyme-Immunoassay (EIA)-Most Probable Number
(MPN) procedure capable of detecting as few as 2000 target
organisms. V. vulnificus was not detected during the cold
weather months except in sporadic sediment samples, but when
oyster samples were subjected to resuscitation conditions
(25'C and 15 ppt for 24 and 48-h) the bacterium was brought
back to detectable levels. Increased levels of the organism
were first observed in early spring in the sediment, followed
by SPM and oysters. The major increase in V. vulnificus
occurred after the seawater temperature had increased above
20'C and the winter-spring rainfall had lowered the salinity
below 16 ppt. The highest V vulnificus levels at each site
were associated with SPM. In a series of deputation
resuscitation experiments, summer-harvested oysters
containing near peak levels of V vulnificus were subjected to
winter temperatures and salinity conditions (12'C and 25 ppt)
in an attempt to purge the pathogen from the oysters. After
one month of deputation, the bacterium was brought to non-
detectable levels; however, even after one year of
deputation, detectable levels of the bacterium could be
cultured following 24-h of resuscitation. Optimum
resuscitation conditions were determined through these
experiments to be 300C and 15 ppt. A species-specific,
fluorescently-labeled nucleic acid probe complementary to a
short unique sequence of 23S RRNA was compared with the
standard assay procedure for detection of V. vulnificus in
field oysters. The 'presence of oyster tissue and filter
autofluorescence masked the sensitivity of the technique that
was evident when pure cultures of V. vulnificus had been
employed. Use of a 32p labled probe overcame most of these
problems but is not practical for use in the average testing
laboratory.
Item Description:Vita.
"Major Subject: Microbiology".
Physical Description:xvii, 114 leaves : illustrations ; 28 cm.
Issued also on microfiche from University Microfilms Inc.
Bibliography:Includes bibliographical references.