rdf-syntax-grammar
mods:
  schema location: http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
  title info:
    title: Integrated management of wintering blackbirds and their economic impact at South Texas feedlots
  name:
    name part: Williams, Robert Earl
    role:
      role term: creator
  name:
    name part: Arnold, Keith A.
    role:
      role term: degree committee member.
  name:
    name part: Grant, William E.
    role:
      role term: degree supervisor.
  name:
    name part: Inglis, Jack M.
    role:
      role term: degree committee member.
  name:
    name part: Klussmann, Wallace G.
    role:
      role term: degree committee member.
  name:
    name part: Texas A & M University
    role:
      role term: degree granting institution.
  type of resource: text
  genre: bibliography
  genre: Academic theses
  origin info:
    place:
      place term: xx
    date issued: 1983
    issuance: monographic
  language:
    language term: eng
  physical description:
    form: print
    extent: xv, 282 leaves : illustrations ; 29 cm
  abstract: Temporal and spatial use patterns of 2 South Texas feedlots by wintering blackbirds were examined. Economic impact associated with daily foraging was estimated. Effectiveness of 6 selected bird-damage control techniques was evaluated. Costs of the control program relative to potential economic losses were analyzed. Recommendations for cost-effective, bird-damage control programs were proposed. Study methods included direct visual, camera, and radio-telemetric observations of species-specific behavioral patterns along with feed-loss assessments. Five bird species accounted for over 95 percent of the daily bird population. Brown-headed cowbirds alone represented 70 percent. Mean numbers of birds in excess of 50,000 were present daily from October-March. Bird numbers in excess of 100,000 were present daily from December-February. Daily bird numbers peaked in January and February during early afternoon hours with nearly 150,000 birds distributed over 95 percent of the pens and averaging over 1,500 birds per pen. Corresponding diurnal peaks in feed troughs occurred during early morning hours with nearly 10,000 birds distributed over 20 percent of the troughs and averaging over 350 birds per trough. Cattle feed, mostly corn, was a preferred food source of all species, representing over 85 percent of their respective diets. Feed troughs were a preferred feeding site, representing over 70 percent of most of the species' respective feeding times. Cowbirds were responsible for 70-85 percent of the economic feed loss. Seasonal feed loss was estimated at one feedlot at nearly 140t ($18,000). This averaged about 1.9t ($240) of feed consumed per 1,000 birds per season and about 17.61lbs ($1.12) of feed consumed per 1,000 birds per day. Unsynchronized blasts from a network of propane cannons throughout the feedlot, accompanied by occasional use of pyrotechniques, was the most effective bird-damage control program tested. This combination resulted in an estimated 60 percent reducti…
  note: "Major subject: Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences."
  note: Typescript (photocopy).
  note: Vita.
  note: Ph. D. in Philosophy Texas A & M University 1983
  note: Includes bibliographical references (leaves 225-248).
  subject:
    geographic code: n-us-tx
  subject:
    topic: Blackbirds
    topic: Feeding and feeds
    topic: Economic aspects
  subject:
    topic: Blackbirds
    topic: Wintering
  subject:
    topic: Feedlots
    topic: Economic aspects
    geographic: Texas
  subject:
    topic: Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences
  identifier: http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login
  identifier: https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/DISSERTATIONS-407007
  related item:
    location:
      url: http://proxy.library.tamu.edu/login
  related item:
    location:
      url: https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/DISSERTATIONS-407007
  record info:
    record content source: TXA
    record creation date: 860328
    record change date: 20220104090238.0
    record identifier: in00000400261
    language of cataloging:
      language term: eng