http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
southern Federal judges and Black voters
1. Introduction: Colloquy on the judicial approach. Objections to utilizing the federal courts; Arguments favoring a judicial approach -- 2. Federal courts and the black vote before 1957. State-action stage; Registrar-oriented stage; Extra-legal stage -- 3. Congress enacts. Accent on voting; Jury trial battle; First law in eighty-two years; Half-loaf/whole-loaf controversy; Revisions: registrars or referees; Second law in three years -- 4. President reacts. 1957- An administration against itself; 1960- Administration moderation; 1961-1963- Emphasis on executive fiat -- 5. Judicial aggressiveness. Registrar practices in three black belt counties; Judge as registrar; Judge sets standards; Judge as overseer -- 6. Judicial resistance. Fight to inspect records; "An interminable pleading duel": Forrest County, Mississippi; Delay, inaction, and a suit against the judge: Bolivar County, Mississippi; Delay, details, and a Pyrrhic victory: Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi. -- 7. "Training the judge": Judicial gradualism -- 8. Intimidation: the courts and "political termites". Physical reprisal and intimidation by prosecution; Mass economic retaliation: the Tennessee sharecroppers; The economic squeeze: a Louisiana farmer; To hire and fire: the Mississippi schoolteacher -- 9. White judges and black ballots: Some observations. The trial situation as impetus; the fate of registration obstacles -- 10. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 and beyond. Protest and politics; Progress and persistent problems.