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abattoir survey of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in cattle, sheep and goats in Mali (West Africa)
An investigation of helminth parasites in cattle, sheep and goats was carried out at eight abattoirs in various regions of Mali between August 1983 and 1984. Fecal and viscera examinations from 698 cattle, 152 sheep and 179 goats indicated marked variations in the level of parasitism in livestock raised in different geographic areas. The following nematodes were identified from cattle in order of predominance: Cooperia pectinata, C. punctata, Haemonchus spp., Oesophagostomum radiatum, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, T. axei, Bunostomum phlebotomum, and Strongyloides papillosus. Five species of trematodes (Fasciola gigantica, Dicrocoelium hospes, Schistosoma bovis, Paramphistomum spp. and Carmyerius spp.) and a single adult cestode (Moniezia) were recovered during the course of the investigation. Sheep and goats were found to be parasitized with identical nematode species, however, with different levels of infection. The most common nematodes in sheep were, in order of predominance: Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Haemonchus controtus, Strongyloides papillosus, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Gaigeria pachyscelis and Skrjabinema ovis. Other species included: Cooperia pectinata, C. punctata, C. curticei, and Trichuris ovis. Four trematodes (F. gigantica and D. hospes, Paramphistomum spp. and Carmyerius spp.), one larval (Cysticercus tenuicollis) and three adult cestodes Moniezia, Stilesia, and Avitellina) were identified. The following nematodes were found in goats in order of predominance: Trichostrongylus colubriformis, S. ovis, H. contortus, G. pachyscelis, S. papillosus, O. columbianum, T. axei, C. pectinata, and C. punctata. Trematodes and cestodes identified were the same as those in sheep. Variations in geographic distribution and prevalence were noted in relation to the season, husbandry and species of host. Sufficient data was acquired to demonstrate the importance of both trichostrongyle infections and fascioliasis in the inland delta of the Niger River in central Mali where the majority of cattle congregate for up to six months. From the results of this study, it can be stated that production losses from nematodes of sheep and goats are of great importance and parasitism represent a major constraint to the small ruminant industry of Mali. Therefore, efforts should be made to reduce those production losses to permit sheep and goats to fulfill their important role in the overall economy of the country.
Ph. D. in Veterinary Medical Sciences Texas A & M University 1986
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-115).