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Portugal

Portugal,}} officially the Portuguese Republic,, }} is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. It is a unitary republic made up by mainland Portugal and two autonomous regions, with Lisbon as both its capital and largest city. It has a total population of over 10.7 million. The mainland is bordered by Spain to the north and east, with Madeira and the Azores in the Atlantic Ocean. The mainland includes the westernmost point of continental Europe.

The Western Iberian Peninsula has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with the earliest signs of settlement dating to 5500 BC. Portugal was initially established as a county of the Kingdom of León in 868, and formally as a kingdom in , resulting from the against the Muslims, who had occupied the Iberian Peninsula since 711. The kingdom later became one of the main participants of the Age of Discovery, made several seminal advancements in nautical science, and was among the first European countries to explore and discover new territories and sea routes, establishing settlements, colonies, and trading posts. After the kingdom became a republic in , Portugal lived under a dictatorship from 1926 until the dictatorship's overthrow in enabled the full establishment of democracy in .

It is a semi-presidential constitutional unitary republic and multi-party representative democracy with four separate sovereignty bodies: president, government, parliament, and judiciary. It has a unicameral national legislature known as the Assembly of the Republic. Portugal has developed a complex system to manage its territory, even though the mainland continues to remain highly centralised.

A developed country, Portugal has an advanced economy that chiefly relies upon services, industry, and tourism. Shaped by the various civilisations that have crossed its territory, Portugal developed a specific culture with a worldwide influence that allowed Portuguese to become the world's fifth-most spoken native language with more than 250 million native speakers. A member of numerous international organizations, Portugal maintains an active role in international political, cultural, economic, and military affairs. Provided by Wikipedia